#line 1 "Image/ExifTool/NikonCustom.pm"
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# File:         NikonCustom.pm
#
# Description:  Read and write Nikon Custom settings
#
# Revisions:    2009/11/25 - P. Harvey Created
#
# References:   1) Warren Hatch private communication (D3 with SB-800 and SB-900)
#               2) Anonymous contribution 2011/05/25 (D700, D7000)
#              JD) Jens Duttke private communication
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------

package Image::ExifTool::NikonCustom;

use strict;
use vars qw($VERSION);

$VERSION = '1.15';

# custom settings for the D80 (encrypted) - ref JD
%Image::ExifTool::NikonCustom::SettingsD80 = (
    PROCESS_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::ProcessBinaryData,
    WRITE_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::WriteBinaryData,
    CHECK_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::CheckBinaryData,
    WRITABLE => 1,
    FIRST_ENTRY => 0,
    GROUPS => { 0 => 'MakerNotes', 2 => 'Camera' },
    NOTES => 'Custom settings for the Nikon D80.',
    0.1 => { # CS1
        Name => 'Beep',
        Mask => 0x80,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'On',
            0x80 => 'Off',
        },
    },
    0.2 => { # CS4
        Name => 'AFAssist',
        Mask => 0x40,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'On',
            0x40 => 'Off',
        },
    },
    0.3 => { # CS5
        Name => 'NoMemoryCard',
        Mask => 0x20,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Release Locked',
            0x20 => 'Enable Release',
        },
    },
    0.4 => { # CS6
        Name => 'ImageReview',
        Mask => 0x10,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'On',
            0x10 => 'Off',
        },
    },
    0.5 => { # CS17
        Name => 'Illumination',
        Mask => 0x08,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Off',
            0x08 => 'On',
        },
    },
    0.6 => { # CS11
        Name => 'MainDialExposureComp',
        Mask => 0x04,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Off',
            0x04 => 'On',
        },
    },
    0.7 => { # CS10
        Name => 'EVStepSize',
        Mask => 0x01,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '1/3 EV',
            0x01 => '1/2 EV',
        },
    },
    1.1 => { # CS7
        Name => 'AutoISO',
        Mask => 0x40,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Off',
            0x40 => 'On',
        },
    },
    1.2 => { # CS7-a
        Name => 'AutoISOMax',
        Mask => 0x30,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 200,
            0x10 => 400,
            0x20 => 800,
            0x30 => 1600,
        },
    },
    1.3 => { # CS7-b
        Name => 'AutoISOMinShutterSpeed',
        Mask => 0x0f,
        PrintConvColumns => 2,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '1/125 s',
            0x01 => '1/100 s',
            0x02 => '1/80 s',
            0x03 => '1/60 s',
            0x04 => '1/40 s',
            0x05 => '1/30 s',
            0x06 => '1/15 s',
            0x07 => '1/8 s',
            0x08 => '1/4 s',
            0x09 => '1/2 s',
            0x0a => '1 s',
        },
    },
    2.1 => { # CS13
        Name => 'AutoBracketSet',
        Mask => 0xc0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'AE & Flash',
            0x40 => 'AE Only',
            0x80 => 'Flash Only',
            0xc0 => 'WB Bracketing',
        },
    },
    2.2 => { # CS14
        Name => 'AutoBracketOrder',
        Mask => 0x20,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '0,-,+',
            0x20 => '-,0,+',
        },
    },
    3.1 => { # CS27
        Name => 'MonitorOffTime',
        Mask => 0xe0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '5 s',
            0x20 => '10 s',
            0x40 => '20 s',
            0x60 => '1 min',
            0x80 => '5 min',
            0xa0 => '10 min',
        },
    },
    3.2 => { # CS28
        Name => 'MeteringTime',
        Mask => 0x1c,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '4 s',
            0x04 => '6 s',
            0x08 => '8 s',
            0x0c => '16 s',
            0x10 => '30 s',
            0x14 => '30 min',
        },
    },
    3.3 => { # CS29
        Name => 'SelfTimerTime',
        Mask => 0x03,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '2 s',
            0x01 => '5 s',
            0x02 => '10 s',
            0x03 => '20 s',
        },
    },
    4.1 => { # CS18
        Name => 'AELockButton',
        Mask => 0x1e,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'AE/AF Lock',
            0x02 => 'AE Lock Only',
            0x04 => 'AF Lock Only',
            0x06 => 'AE Lock (hold)',
            0x08 => 'AF-ON',
            0x0a => 'FV Lock',
            0x0c => 'Focus Area Selection',
            0x0e => 'AE-L/AF-L/AF Area',
            0x10 => 'AE-L/AF Area',
            0x12 => 'AF-L/AF Area',
            0x14 => 'AF-ON/AF Area',
        },
    },
    4.2 => { # CS19
        Name => 'AELock',
        Mask => 0x01,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Off',
            0x01 => 'On',
        },
    },
    4.3 => { # CS30
        Name => 'RemoteOnDuration',
        Mask => 0xc0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '1 min',
            0x40 => '5 min',
            0x80 => '10 min',
            0xc0 => '15 min',
        },
    },
    5.1 => { # CS15
        Name => 'CommandDials',
        Mask => 0x80,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Standard (Main Shutter, Sub Aperture)',
            0x80 => 'Reversed (Main Aperture, Sub Shutter)',
        },
    },
    5.2 => { # CS16
        Name => 'FunctionButton',
        Mask => 0x78,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'ISO Display',
            0x08 => 'Framing Grid',
            0x10 => 'AF-area Mode',
            0x18 => 'Center AF Area',
            0x20 => 'FV Lock',
            0x28 => 'Flash Off',
            0x30 => 'Matrix Metering',
            0x38 => 'Center-weighted',
            0x40 => 'Spot Metering',
        },
    },
    6.1 => { # CS8
        Name => 'GridDisplay',
        Mask => 0x80,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Off',
            0x80 => 'On',
        },
    },
    6.2 => { # CS9
        Name => 'ViewfinderWarning',
        Mask => 0x40,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'On',
            0x40 => 'Off',
        },
    },
    6.3 => { # CS12
        Name => 'CenterWeightedAreaSize',
        Mask => 0x0c,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '6 mm',
            0x04 => '8 mm',
            0x08 => '10 mm',
        },
    },
    6.4 => { # CS31
        Name => 'ExposureDelayMode',
        Mask => 0x20,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Off',
            0x20 => 'On',
        },
    },
    6.5 => { # CS32
        Name => 'MB-D80Batteries',
        Mask => 0x03,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'LR6 (AA Alkaline)',
            0x01 => 'HR6 (AA Ni-MH)',
            0x02 => 'FR6 (AA Lithium)',
            0x03 => 'ZR6 (AA Ni-Mg)',
        },
    },
    7.1 => { # CS23
        Name => 'FlashWarning',
        Mask => 0x80,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'On',
            0x80 => 'Off',
        },
    },
    7.2 => { # CS24
        Name => 'FlashShutterSpeed',
        Mask => 0x78,
        ValueConv => '2 ** (($val >> 3) - 6)',
        ValueConvInv => '$val>0 ? int(log($val)/log(2)+6+0.5) << 3 : 0',
        PrintConv => 'Image::ExifTool::Exif::PrintExposureTime($val)',
        PrintConvInv => 'Image::ExifTool::Exif::ConvertFraction($val)',
    },
    7.3 => { # CS25
        Name => 'AutoFP',
        Mask => 0x04,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Off',
            0x04 => 'On',
        },
    },
    7.4 => { # CS26
        Name => 'ModelingFlash',
        Mask => 0x02,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Off',
            0x02 => 'On',
        },
    },
    8.1 => { # CS22
        Name => 'InternalFlash',
        Mask => 0xc0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'TTL',
            0x40 => 'Manual',
            0x80 => 'Repeating Flash',
            0xc0 => 'Commander Mode',
        },
    },
    8.2 => { # CS22-a
        Name => 'ManualFlashOutput',
        Mask => 0x07,
        ValueConv => '2 ** (-$val)',
        ValueConvInv => '$val > 0 ? -log($val)/log(2) : 0',
        PrintConv => q{
            return 'Full' if $val > 0.99;
            Image::ExifTool::Exif::PrintExposureTime($val);
        },
        PrintConvInv => '$val=~/F/i ? 1 : Image::ExifTool::Exif::ConvertFraction($val)',
    },
    9.1 => { # CS22-b
        Name => 'RepeatingFlashOutput',
        Mask => 0x70,
        ValueConv => '2 ** (-($val>>4)-2)',
        ValueConvInv => '$val > 0 ? int(-log($val)/log(2)-2+0.5)<<4 : 0',
        PrintConv => 'Image::ExifTool::Exif::PrintExposureTime($val)',
        PrintConvInv => 'Image::ExifTool::Exif::ConvertFraction($val)',
    },
    9.2 => { # CS22-c
        Name => 'RepeatingFlashCount',
        Mask => 0x0f,
        ValueConv => '$val < 10 ? $val + 1 : 5 * ($val - 7)',
        ValueConvInv => '$val <= 10 ? $val - 1 : $val / 5 + 7',
    },
    10.1 => { # CS22-d
        Name => 'RepeatingFlashRate',
        Mask => 0xf0,
        ValueConv => 'my $v=($val>>4); $v < 10 ? $v + 1 : 10 * ($v - 8)',
        ValueConvInv => 'int(($val <= 10 ? $val - 1 : $val / 10 + 8) + 0.5) << 4',
        PrintConv => '"$val Hz"',
        PrintConvInv => '$val=~/(\d+)/; $1 || 0',
    },
    10.2 => { # CS22-n
        Name => 'CommanderChannel',
        Mask => 0x03,
        ValueConv => '$val + 1',
        ValueConvInv => '$val - 1',
    },
    11.1 => { # CS22-e
        Name => 'CommanderInternalFlash',
        Mask => 0xc0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'TTL',
            0x40 => 'Manual',
            0x80 => 'Off',
        },
    },
    11.2 => { # CS22-h
        Name => 'CommanderGroupAMode',
        Mask => 0x30,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'TTL',
            0x10 => 'Auto Aperture',
            0x20 => 'Manual',
            0x30 => 'Off',
        },
    },
    11.3 => { # CS22-k
        Name => 'CommanderGroupBMode',
        Mask => 0x0c,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'TTL',
            0x04 => 'Auto Aperture',
            0x08 => 'Manual',
            0x0c => 'Off',
        },
    },
    12.1 => { # CS22-f
        Name => 'CommanderInternalTTLComp',
        Mask => 0x1f,
        ValueConv => '($val - 9) / 3',
        ValueConvInv => '$val * 3 + 9',
        PrintConv => '$val ? sprintf("%+.1f",$val) : 0',
        PrintConvInv => '$val',
    },
    12.2 => { # CS22-g
        Name => 'CommanderInternalManualOutput',
        Mask => 0xe0,
        ValueConv => '2 ** (-($val>>5))',
        ValueConvInv => '$val > 0 ? int(-log($val)/log(2)+0.5) << 5 : 0',
        PrintConv => q{
            return 'Full' if $val > 0.99;
            Image::ExifTool::Exif::PrintExposureTime($val);
        },
        PrintConvInv => '$val=~/F/i ? 1 : Image::ExifTool::Exif::ConvertFraction($val)',
    },
    13.1 => { # CS22-i
        Name => 'CommanderGroupA_TTL-AAComp',
        Mask => 0x1f,
        ValueConv => '($val - 9) / 3',
        ValueConvInv => '$val * 3 + 9',
        PrintConv => '$val ? sprintf("%+.1f",$val) : 0',
        PrintConvInv => '$val',
    },
    13.2 => { # CS22-j
        Name => 'CommanderGroupAManualOutput',
        Mask => 0xe0,
        ValueConv => '2 ** (-($val>>5))',
        ValueConvInv => '$val > 0 ? int(-log($val)/log(2)+0.5) << 5 : 0',
        PrintConv => q{
            return 'Full' if $val > 0.99;
            Image::ExifTool::Exif::PrintExposureTime($val);
        },
        PrintConvInv => '$val=~/F/i ? 1 : Image::ExifTool::Exif::ConvertFraction($val)',
    },
    14.1 => { # CS22-l
        Name => 'CommanderGroupB_TTL-AAComp',
        Mask => 0x1f,
        ValueConv => '($val - 9) / 3',
        ValueConvInv => '$val * 3 + 9',
        PrintConv => '$val ? sprintf("%+.1f",$val) : 0',
        PrintConvInv => '$val',
    },
    14.2 => { # CS22-m
        Name => 'CommanderGroupBManualOutput',
        Mask => 0xe0,
        ValueConv => '2 ** (-($val>>5))',
        ValueConvInv => '$val > 0 ? int(-log($val)/log(2)+0.5) << 5 : 0',
        PrintConv => q{
            return 'Full' if $val > 0.99;
            Image::ExifTool::Exif::PrintExposureTime($val);
        },
        PrintConvInv => '$val=~/F/i ? 1 : Image::ExifTool::Exif::ConvertFraction($val)',
    },
    15.1 => { # CS3
        Name => 'CenterAFArea',
        Mask => 0x80,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Normal Zone',
            0x80 => 'Wide Zone',
        },
    },
    15.2 => { # CS20
        Name => 'FocusAreaSelection',
        Mask => 0x04,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'No Wrap',
            0x04 => 'Wrap',
        },
    },
    15.3 => { # CS21
        Name => 'AFAreaIllumination',
        Mask => 0x03,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Auto',
            0x01 => 'Off',
            0x02 => 'On',
        },
    },
    16.1 => { # CS2
        Name => 'AFAreaModeSetting',
        Mask => 0xc0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Single Area',
            0x40 => 'Dynamic Area',
            0x80 => 'Auto-area',
        },
    },
);

# custom settings for the D40 (encrypted) - ref JD
%Image::ExifTool::NikonCustom::SettingsD40 = (
    PROCESS_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::ProcessBinaryData,
    WRITE_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::WriteBinaryData,
    CHECK_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::CheckBinaryData,
    WRITABLE => 1,
    FIRST_ENTRY => 0,
    GROUPS => { 0 => 'MakerNotes', 2 => 'Camera' },
    NOTES => 'Custom settings for the Nikon D40.',
    0.1 => { # CS1
        Name => 'Beep',
        Mask => 0x80,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'On',
            0x80 => 'Off',
        },
    },
    0.2 => { # CS9
        Name => 'AFAssist',
        Mask => 0x40,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'On',
            0x40 => 'Off',
        },
    },
    0.3 => { # CS6
        Name => 'NoMemoryCard',
        Mask => 0x20,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Release Locked',
            0x20 => 'Enable Release',
        },
    },
    0.4 => { # CS7
        Name => 'ImageReview',
        Mask => 0x10,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'On',
            0x10 => 'Off',
        },
    },
    1.1 => { # CS10-a
        Name => 'AutoISO',
        Mask => 0x80,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Off',
            0x80 => 'On',
        },
    },
    1.2 => { # CS10-b
        Name => 'AutoISOMax',
        Mask => 0x30,
        PrintConv => {
            0x10 => 400,
            0x20 => 800,
            0x30 => 1600,
        },
    },
    1.3 => { # CS10-c
        Name => 'AutoISOMinShutterSpeed',
        Mask => 0x07,
        PrintConvColumns => 2,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '1/125 s',
            0x01 => '1/60 s',
            0x02 => '1/30 s',
            0x03 => '1/15 s',
            0x04 => '1/8 s',
            0x05 => '1/4 s',
            0x06 => '1/2 s',
            0x07 => '1 s',
        },
    },
    2.1 => { # CS15-b
        Name => 'ImageReviewTime',
        Mask => 0x07,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '4 s',
            0x01 => '8 s',
            0x02 => '20 s',
            0x03 => '1 min',
            0x04 => '10 min',
        },
    },
    3.1 => { # CS15-a
        Name => 'MonitorOffTime',
        Mask => 0xe0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '4 s',
            0x20 => '8 s',
            0x40 => '20 s',
            0x60 => '1 min',
            0x80 => '10 min',
        },
    },
    3.2 => { # CS15-c
        Name => 'MeteringTime',
        Mask => 0x1c,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '4 s',
            0x04 => '8 s',
            0x08 => '20 s',
            0x0c => '1 min',
            0x10 => '30 min',
        },
    },
    3.3 => { # CS16
        Name => 'SelfTimerTime',
        Mask => 0x03,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '2 s',
            0x01 => '5 s',
            0x02 => '10 s',
            0x03 => '20 s',
        },
    },
    3.4 => { # CS17
        Name => 'RemoteOnDuration',
        Mask => 0xc0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '1 min',
            0x40 => '5 min',
            0x80 => '10 min',
            0xc0 => '15 min',
        },
    },
    4.1 => { # CS12
        Name => 'AELockButton',
        Mask => 0x0e,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'AE/AF Lock',
            0x02 => 'AE Lock Only',
            0x04 => 'AF Lock Only',
            0x06 => 'AE Lock (hold)',
            0x08 => 'AF-ON',
        },
    },
    4.2 => { # CS13
        Name => 'AELock',
        Mask => 0x01,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Off',
            0x01 => 'On',
        },
    },
    5.1 => { # CS4
        Name => 'ShootingModeSetting',
        Mask => 0x70,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Single Frame',
            0x10 => 'Continuous',
            0x20 => 'Self-timer',
            0x30 => 'Delayed Remote',
            0x40 => 'Quick-response Remote',
        },
    },
    5.2 => { # CS11
        Name => 'TimerFunctionButton',
        Mask => 0x07,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Shooting Mode',
            0x01 => 'Image Quality/Size',
            0x02 => 'ISO',
            0x03 => 'White Balance',
            0x04 => 'Self-timer',
        },
    },
    6.1 => { # CS5
        Name => 'Metering',
        Mask => 0x03,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Matrix',
            0x01 => 'Center-weighted',
            0x02 => 'Spot',
        },
    },
    8.1 => { # CS14-a
        Name => 'InternalFlash',
        Mask => 0x10,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'TTL',
            0x10 => 'Manual',
        },
    },
    8.2 => { # CS14-b
        Name => 'ManualFlashOutput',
        Mask => 0x07,
        ValueConv => '2 ** (-$val)',
        ValueConvInv => '$val > 0 ? -log($val)/log(2) : 0',
        PrintConv => q{
            return 'Full' if $val > 0.99;
            Image::ExifTool::Exif::PrintExposureTime($val);
        },
        PrintConvInv => '$val=~/F/i ? 1 : Image::ExifTool::Exif::ConvertFraction($val)',
    },
    9 => { # CS8
        Name => 'FlashLevel',
        Format => 'int8s',
        ValueConv => '$val / 6',
        ValueConvInv => '$val * 6',
        PrintConv => 'sprintf("%+.1f",$val)',
        PrintConvInv => '$val',
    },
    10.1 => { # CS2
        Name => 'FocusModeSetting',
        # (may differ from FocusMode if lens switch is set to Manual)
        Mask => 0xc0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Manual',
            0x40 => 'AF-S',
            0x80 => 'AF-C',
            0xc0 => 'AF-A',
        },
    },
    11.1 => { # CS3
        Name => 'AFAreaModeSetting',
        # (may differ from AFAreaMode for Manual focus)
        Mask => 0x30,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Single Area',
            0x10 => 'Dynamic Area',
            0x20 => 'Closest Subject',
        },
    }
);

# D90 custom settings (ref PH)
%Image::ExifTool::NikonCustom::SettingsD90 = (
    PROCESS_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::ProcessBinaryData,
    WRITE_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::WriteBinaryData,
    CHECK_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::CheckBinaryData,
    WRITABLE => 1,
    FIRST_ENTRY => 0,
    GROUPS => { 0 => 'MakerNotes', 2 => 'Camera' },
    NOTES => 'Custom settings for the D90.',
    # Missing:
    # CSe2 RepeatingFlashRate (needs verification)
    #      CommanderInternalFlash, CommanderGroupAMode, CommanderGroupBMode,
    #      CommanderChannel, CommanderInternalManualOutput,
    #      CommanderGroupAManualOutput, CommanderGroupBManualOutput
    #      CommanderGroupA_TTL-AAComp, CommanderGroupB_TTL-AAComp,
    # CSe4 AutoBracketSet (some values need verification)
    # CSf2 OKButton ("Not Used" value needs verification)
    # CSf5-b CommandDialsChangeMainSub
    # CSf5-c CommandDialsMenuAndPlayback
    0.1 => { # CSf1
        Name => 'LightSwitch',
        Mask => 0x08,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'LCD Backlight',
            0x08 => 'LCD Backlight and Shooting Information',
        },
    },
    2.1 => { # CSa1
        Name => 'AFAreaModeSetting',
        Mask => 0x60,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Single Area',
            0x20 => 'Dynamic Area',
            0x40 => 'Auto-area',
            0x60 => '3D-tracking (11 points)',
        },
    },
    2.2 => { # CSa2
        Name => 'CenterFocusPoint',
        Mask => 0x10,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Normal Zone',
            0x10 => 'Wide Zone',
        },
    },
    2.3 => { # CSa3
        Name => 'AFAssist',
        Mask => 0x01,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'On', 0x01 => 'Off' },
    },
    2.4 => { # CSa4
        Name => 'AFPointIllumination',
        Mask => 0x06,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Auto',
            0x02 => 'On',
            0x04 => 'Off',
        },
    },
    2.5 => { # CSa5
        Name => 'FocusPointWrap',
        Mask => 0x08,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'No Wrap',
            0x08 => 'Wrap',
        },
    },
    3.1 => { # CSa6
        Name => 'AELockForMB-D80',
        Mask => 0x1c,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'AE Lock Only',
            0x04 => 'AF Lock Only',
            0x08 => 'AE Lock (hold)',
            0x0c => 'AF-On',
            0x10 => 'FV Lock',
            0x14 => 'Focus Point Selection',
            0x1c => 'AE/AF Lock',
        },
    },
    3.2 => { # CSd12
        Name => 'MB-D80BatteryType',
        Mask => 0x03,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'LR6 (AA alkaline)',
            0x01 => 'HR6 (AA Ni-MH)',
            0x02 => 'FR6 (AA lithium)',
            0x03 => 'ZR6 (AA Ni-Mn)',
        },
    },
    4.1 => { # CSd1
        Name => 'Beep',
        Mask => 0x40,
        PrintConv => {
            0x40 => 'On',
            0x00 => 'Off',
        },
    },
    4.2 => { # CSd2
        Name => 'GridDisplay',
        Mask => 0x02,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'Off', 0x02 => 'On' },
    },
    4.3 => { # CSd3
        Name => 'ISODisplay',
        Mask => 0x0c,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Show ISO/Easy ISO',
            0x04 => 'Show ISO Sensitivity',
            0x0c => 'Show Frame Count',
        },
    },
    4.4 => { # CSd4
        Name => 'ViewfinderWarning',
        Mask => 0x01,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'On', 0x01 => 'Off' },
    },
    4.5 => { # CSf6
        Name => 'NoMemoryCard',
        Mask => 0x20,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Release Locked',
            0x20 => 'Enable Release',
        },
    },
    5.1 => { # CSd5
        Name => 'ScreenTips',
        Mask => 0x04,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'Off', 0x04 => 'On' },
    },
    5.2 => { # CSd7
        Name => 'FileNumberSequence',
        Mask => 0x08,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'On', 0x08 => 'Off' },
    },
    5.3 => { # CSd8
        Name => 'ShootingInfoDisplay',
        Mask => 0xc0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Auto',
            0x80 => 'Manual (dark on light)',
            0xc0 => 'Manual (light on dark)',
        },
    },
    5.4 => { # CSd9
        Name => 'LCDIllumination',
        Mask => 0x20,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'Off', 0x20 => 'On' },
    },
    6.1 => { # CSb2
        Name => 'EasyExposureComp',
        Mask => 0x01,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'Off', 0x01 => 'On' },
    },
    6.2 => { # CSf7
        Name => 'ReverseIndicators',
        Mask => 0x80,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '+ 0 -',
            0x80 => '- 0 +',
        },
    },
    7.1 => { # CSb1
        Name => 'ExposureControlStepSize',
        Mask => 0x40,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '1/3 EV',
            0x40 => '1/2 EV',
        },
    },
    8.1 => { # CSb3
        Name => 'CenterWeightedAreaSize',
        Mask => 0x60,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '6 mm',
            0x20 => '8 mm',
            0x40 => '10 mm',
        },
    },
    8.2 => { # CSb4-a
        Name => 'FineTuneOptMatrixMetering',
        Mask => 0x0f,
        ValueConv => '($val > 0x7 ? $val - 0x10 : $val) / 6',
        ValueConvInv => 'int($val*6+($val>0?0.5:-0.5)) & 0x0f',
        PrintConv => '$val ? sprintf("%+.2f", $val) : 0',
        PrintConvInv => 'Image::ExifTool::Exif::ConvertFraction($val)',
    },
    9.1 => { # CSb4-b
        Name => 'FineTuneOptCenterWeighted',
        Mask => 0xf0,
        ValueConv => '($val > 0x70 ? $val - 0x100 : $val) / 0x60',
        ValueConvInv => '(int($val*6+($val>0?0.5:-0.5))<<4) & 0xf0',
        PrintConv => '$val ? sprintf("%+.2f", $val) : 0',
        PrintConvInv => 'Image::ExifTool::Exif::ConvertFraction($val)',
    },
    9.2 => { # CSb4-c
        Name => 'FineTuneOptSpotMetering',
        Mask => 0x0f,
        ValueConv => '($val > 0x7 ? $val - 0x10 : $val) / 6',
        ValueConvInv => 'int($val*6+($val>0?0.5:-0.5)) & 0x0f',
        PrintConv => '$val ? sprintf("%+.2f", $val) : 0',
        PrintConvInv => 'Image::ExifTool::Exif::ConvertFraction($val)',
    },
    11.1 => { # CSd6
        Name => 'CLModeShootingSpeed',
        Mask => 0x07,
        PrintConv => '"$val fps"',
        PrintConvInv => '$val=~s/\s*fps//i; $val',
    },
    11.2 => { # CSd10
        Name => 'ExposureDelayMode',
        Mask => 0x40,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Off',
            0x40 => 'On',
        },
    },
    13.1 => { # CSe4
        Name => 'AutoBracketSet',
        Mask => 0xe0, #(NC)
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'AE & Flash', # default
            0x20 => 'AE Only',
            0x40 => 'Flash Only', #(NC)
            0x60 => 'WB Bracketing', #(NC)
            0x80 => 'Active D-Lighting', #(NC)
        },
    },
    13.2 => { # CSe6
        Name => 'AutoBracketOrder',
        Mask => 0x10,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '0,-,+',
            0x10 => '-,0,+',
        },
    },
    14.1 => { # CSf3
        Name => 'FuncButton',
        Mask => 0x78,
        PrintConv => {
            0x08 => 'Framing Grid',
            0x10 => 'AF-area Mode',
            0x18 => 'Center Focus Point',
            0x20 => 'FV Lock', # default
            0x28 => 'Flash Off',
            0x30 => 'Matrix Metering',
            0x38 => 'Center-weighted Metering',
            0x40 => 'Spot Metering',
            0x48 => 'My Menu Top',
            0x50 => '+ NEF (RAW)',
        },
    },
    16.1 => { # CSf2
        Name => 'OKButton',
        Mask => 0x18,
        PrintConv => {
            0x08 => 'Select Center Focus Point',
            0x10 => 'Highlight Active Focus Point',
            0x18 => 'Not Used', #(NC)
            0x00 => 'Not Used', #(NC)
        },
    },
    17.1 => { # CSf4
        Name => 'AELockButton',
        Mask => 0x38,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'AE/AF Lock',
            0x08 => 'AE Lock Only',
            0x10 => 'AF Lock Only', #(NC)
            0x18 => 'AE Lock (hold)', #(NC)
            0x20 => 'AF-ON', #(NC)
            0x28 => 'FV Lock', #(NC)
        },
    },
    18.1 => { # CSf5-a
        Name => 'CommandDialsReverseRotation',
        Mask => 0x80,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'No', 0x80 => 'Yes' },
    },
    18.2 => { # CSc1
        Name => 'ShutterReleaseButtonAE-L',
        Mask => 0x02,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'Off', 0x02 => 'On' },
    },
    19.1 => { # CSc2
        Name => 'MeteringTime',
        Mask => 0xf0,
        PrintConvColumns => 2,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '4 s',
            0x10 => '6 s', # default
            0x20 => '8 s',
            0x30 => '16 s',
            0x40 => '30 s',
            0x50 => '1 min',
            0x60 => '5 min',
            0x70 => '10 min',
            0x80 => '30 min',
        },
    },
    19.2 => { # CSc5
        Name => 'RemoteOnDuration',
        Mask => 0x03,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '1 min',
            0x01 => '5 min',
            0x02 => '10 min',
            0x03 => '15 min',
        },
    },
    20.1 => { # CSc3-a
        Name => 'SelfTimerTime',
        Mask => 0xc0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '2 s',
            0x40 => '5 s',
            0x80 => '10 s', # default
            0xc0 => '20 s',
        },
    },
    20.2 => { # CSc3-b
        Name => 'SelfTimerShotCount',
        Mask => 0x1e,
        ValueConv => '$val >> 1',
        ValueConvInv => '$val << 1',
    },
    21.1 => { # CSc4-a
        Name => 'PlaybackMonitorOffTime',
        Mask => 0x1c,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '4 s',
            0x04 => '10 s', # default
            0x08 => '20 s',
            0x0c => '1 min',
            0x10 => '5 min',
            0x14 => '10 min',
        },
    },
    21.2 => { # CSc4-d
        Name => 'ImageReviewTime',
        Mask => 0xe0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '4 s', # default
            0x20 => '10 s',
            0x40 => '20 s',
            0x60 => '1 min',
            0x80 => '5 min',
            0xa0 => '10 min',
        },
    },
    22.1 => { # CSc4-b
        Name => 'MenuMonitorOffTime',
        Mask => 0xe0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '4 s',
            0x20 => '10 s',
            0x40 => '20 s', # default
            0x60 => '1 min',
            0x80 => '5 min',
            0xa0 => '10 min',
        },
    },
    22.2 => { # CSc4-c
        Name => 'ShootingInfoMonitorOffTime',
        Mask => 0x1c,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '4 s',
            0x04 => '10 s', # default
            0x08 => '20 s',
            0x0c => '1 min',
            0x10 => '5 min',
            0x14 => '10 min',
        },
    },
    23.1 => { # CSe1
        Name => 'FlashShutterSpeed',
        Mask => 0x0f,
        PrintConvColumns => 2,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '1/60 s', # default
            0x01 => '1/30 s',
            0x02 => '1/15 s',
            0x03 => '1/8 s',
            0x04 => '1/4 s',
            0x05 => '1/2 s',
            0x06 => '1 s',
            0x07 => '2 s',
            0x08 => '4 s',
            0x09 => '8 s',
            0x0a => '15 s',
            0x0b => '30 s',
        },
    },
    24.1 => { # CSe2-a
        Name => 'InternalFlash',
        Mask => 0xc0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'TTL',
            0x40 => 'Manual',
            0x80 => 'Repeating Flash',
            0xc0 => 'Commander Mode',
        },
    },
    24.2 => { # CSe2-b
        Name => 'ManualFlashOutput',
        Mask => 0x1f,
        ValueConv => '2 ** (-$val/3)',
        ValueConvInv => '$val > 0 ? -3*log($val)/log(2) : 0',
        PrintConv => q{
            return 'Full' if $val > 0.99;
            Image::ExifTool::Exif::PrintExposureTime($val);
        },
        PrintConvInv => '$val=~/F/i ? 1 : Image::ExifTool::Exif::ConvertFraction($val)',
    },
    25.1 => { # CSe2-ca
        Name => 'RepeatingFlashOutput',
        Mask => 0x70,
        ValueConv => '2 ** (-($val>>4)-2)',
        ValueConvInv => '$val > 0 ? int(-log($val)/log(2)-2+0.5)<<4 : 0',
        PrintConv => 'Image::ExifTool::Exif::PrintExposureTime($val)',
        PrintConvInv => 'Image::ExifTool::Exif::ConvertFraction($val)',
    },
    25.2 => { # CSe2-cb
        Name => 'RepeatingFlashCount',
        Mask => 0x0f,
        ValueConv => '$val < 10 ? $val + 1 : 5 * ($val - 7)',
        ValueConvInv => '$val <= 10 ? $val - 1 : $val / 5 + 7',
    },
    26.1 => { # CSe2-cc (NC)
        Name => 'RepeatingFlashRate',
        Mask => 0xf0,
        ValueConv => 'my $v=($val>>4); $v < 10 ? $v + 1 : 10 * ($v - 8)',
        ValueConvInv => 'int(($val <= 10 ? $val - 1 : $val / 10 + 8) + 0.5) << 4',
        PrintConv => '"$val Hz"',
        PrintConvInv => '$val=~/(\d+)/; $1 || 0',
    },
    31.1 => { # CSd11
        Name => 'FlashWarning',
        Mask => 0x80,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'On',
            0x80 => 'Off',
        },
    },
    31.2 => { # CSe2-ea
        Name => 'CommanderInternalTTLComp',
        Mask => 0x1f,
        ValueConv => '($val - 9) / 3',
        ValueConvInv => '$val * 3 + 9',
        PrintConv => '$val ? sprintf("%+.1f",$val) : 0',
        PrintConvInv => '$val',
    },
    31.3 => { # CSe3
        Name => 'ModelingFlash',
        Mask => 0x20,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'On', 0x20 => 'Off' },
    },
    31.4 => { # CSe5
        Name => 'AutoFP',
        Mask => 0x40,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Off',
            0x40 => 'On',
        },
    },
    32.1 => { # CSe2-eb
        Name => 'CommanderGroupA_TTLComp',
        Mask => 0x1f,
        ValueConv => '($val - 9) / 3',
        ValueConvInv => '$val * 3 + 9',
        PrintConv => '$val ? sprintf("%+.1f",$val) : 0',
        PrintConvInv => '$val',
    },
    33.1 => { # CSe2-ec
        Name => 'CommanderGroupB_TTLComp',
        Mask => 0x1f,
        ValueConv => '($val - 9) / 3',
        ValueConvInv => '$val * 3 + 9',
        PrintConv => '$val ? sprintf("%+.1f",$val) : 0',
        PrintConvInv => '$val',
    },
    34.1 => { # CSa7
        Name => 'LiveViewAF',
        Mask => 0xc0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Face Priority', #(NC)
            0x40 => 'Wide Area',
            0x80 => 'Normal Area',
        },
    },
);

# D300 (ref JD) and D3 (ref 1/PH) custom settings
%Image::ExifTool::NikonCustom::SettingsD3 = (
    PROCESS_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::ProcessBinaryData,
    WRITE_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::WriteBinaryData,
    CHECK_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::CheckBinaryData,
    WRITABLE => 1,
    FIRST_ENTRY => 0,
    GROUPS => { 0 => 'MakerNotes', 2 => 'Camera' },
    NOTES => 'Custom settings for the D3, D3S, D3X, D300 and D300S.',
    # these settings have been decoded using the D3 and D300, and
    # extrapolated to the other models, but these haven't yet been
    # verified, and the following custom settings are missing:
    #   CSf1-d (D3X,D3S) MultiSelectorLiveView
    #   CSf1 (D300S) LightSwitch
    0.1 => { #1
        Name => 'CustomSettingsBank',
        Mask => 0x03,
        PrintConv => {
            0 => 'A',
            1 => 'B',
            2 => 'C',
            3 => 'D',
        },
    },
    0.2 => { #1
        Name => 'CustomSettingsAllDefault',
        Notes => '"No" if any custom setting for this bank was changed from the default',
        Mask => 0x80,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'Yes', 0x80 => 'No' },
    },
    1.1 => { # CSa1
        Name => 'AF-CPrioritySelection',
        Mask => 0xc0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Release',
            0x40 => 'Release + Focus',
            0x80 => 'Focus',
        },
    },
    1.2 => { # CSa2
        Name => 'AF-SPrioritySelection',
        Mask => 0x20,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Focus',
            0x20 => 'Release',
        },
    },
    1.3 => { # CSa8
        Name => 'AFPointSelection',
        Mask => 0x10,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '51 Points',
            0x10 => '11 Points',
        },
    },
    1.4 => { # CSa3
        Name => 'DynamicAFArea',
        Mask => 0x0c,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '9 Points',
            0x04 => '21 Points',
            0x08 => '51 Points',
            0x0c => '51 Points (3D-tracking)',
        },
    },
    1.5 => { # CSa4
        Name => 'FocusTrackingLockOn',
        Condition => '$$self{Model} !~ /D3S\b/',
        Notes => 'not D3S',
        Mask => 0x03,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Long',
            0x01 => 'Normal',
            0x02 => 'Short',
            0x03 => 'Off',
        },
    },
    2.1 => { # CSa5
        Name => 'AFActivation',
        Mask => 0x80,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Shutter/AF-On',
            0x80 => 'AF-On Only',
        },
    },
    2.2 => { # CSa7
        Name => 'FocusPointWrap',
        Mask => 0x08,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'No Wrap',
            0x08 => 'Wrap',
        },
    },
    2.3 => [ # CSa6
        {
            Name => 'AFPointIllumination',
            Condition => '$$self{Model} =~ /D3[SX]?\b/',
            Notes => 'D3',
            Mask => 0x60,
            PrintConv => {
                0x00 => 'On in Continuous Shooting and Manual Focusing',
                0x20 => 'On During Manual Focusing',
                0x40 => 'On in Continuous Shooting Modes',
                0x60 => 'Off',
            },
        },
        {
            Name => 'AFPointIllumination',
            Notes => 'D300',
            Mask => 0x06,
            PrintConv => {
                0x00 => 'Auto',
                0x02 => 'Off',
                0x04 => 'On',
            },
        },
    ],
    2.4 => { # CSa6-b (D3, added by firmware update)
        Name => 'AFPointBrightness',
        Condition => '$$self{Model} =~ /D3[SX]?\b/',
        Notes => 'D3 only',
        Mask => 0x06,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Low',
            0x02 => 'Normal',
            0x04 => 'High',
            0x06 => 'Extra High',
        },
    },
    2.5 => { # CSa9 (D300)
        Name => 'AFAssist',
        Condition => '$$self{Model} =~ /D300S?\b/',
        Notes => 'D300 only',
        Mask => 0x01,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'On', 0x01 => 'Off' },
    },
    3.1 => { # CSa9 (D3)
        Name => 'AFOnButton',
        Condition => '$$self{Model} =~ /D3[SX]?\b/',
        Notes => 'D3 only',
        Mask => 0x07,
        PrintConv => {
            0 => 'AF On',
            1 => 'AE/AF Lock',
            2 => 'AE Lock Only',
            3 => 'AE Lock (reset on release)',
            4 => 'AE Lock (hold)',
            5 => 'AF Lock Only',
        },
    },
    3.2 => { # CSa10 (D3)
        Name => 'VerticalAFOnButton',
        Condition => '$$self{Model} =~ /D3[SX]?\b/',
        Notes => 'D3 only',
        Mask => 0x70,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'AF On',
            0x10 => 'AE/AF Lock',
            0x20 => 'AE Lock Only',
            0x30 => 'AE Lock (reset on release)',
            0x40 => 'AE Lock (hold)',
            0x50 => 'AF Lock Only',
            0x70 => 'Same as AF On',
        },
    },
    3.3 => { # CSa10 (D300)
        Name => 'AF-OnForMB-D10',
        Condition => '$$self{Model} =~ /D300S?\b/',
        Notes => 'D300 only',
        Mask => 0x70,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'AF-On',
            0x10 => 'AE/AF Lock',
            0x20 => 'AE Lock Only',
            0x30 => 'AE Lock (reset on release)',
            0x40 => 'AE Lock (hold)',
            0x50 => 'AF Lock Only',
            0x60 => 'Same as FUNC Button',
        },
    },
    4.1 => { # CSa4 (D3S)
        Name => 'FocusTrackingLockOn',
        Condition => '$$self{Model} =~ /D3S\b/',
        Notes => 'D3S only',
        Mask => 0x07,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '5 (Long)',
            0x01 => '4',
            0x02 => '3 (Normal)',
            0x03 => '2',
            0x04 => '1 (Short)',
            0x05 => 'Off',
        },
    },
    4.2 => { # CSf7 (D3S)
        Name => 'AssignBktButton',
        Condition => '$$self{Model} =~ /D3S\b/',
        Notes => 'D3S only',
        Mask => 0x08,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Auto Bracketing',
            0x08 => 'Multiple Exposure',
        },
    },
    4.3 => { # CSf1-c (D3S) (ref 1)
        Name => 'MultiSelectorLiveView',
        Condition => '$$self{Model} =~ /D3S\b/',
        Notes => 'D3S only',
        Mask => 0xc0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Reset',
            0x40 => 'Zoom On/Off',
            0x80 => 'Start Movie Recording',
            0xc0 => 'Not Used',
        },
    },
    4.4 => { # CSf1-c2 (D3S) (ref 1)
        Name => 'InitialZoomLiveView',
        Condition => '$$self{Model} =~ /D3S\b/',
        Notes => 'D3S only',
        Mask => 0x30,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Low Magnification',
            0x10 => 'Medium Magnification',
            0x20 => 'High Magnification',
        },
    },
    6.1 => { # CSb1
        Name => 'ISOStepSize',
        Mask => 0xc0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '1/3 EV',
            0x40 => '1/2 EV',
            0x80 => '1 EV',
        },
    },
    6.2 => { # CSb2
        Name => 'ExposureControlStepSize',
        Mask => 0x30,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '1/3 EV',
            0x10 => '1/2 EV',
            0x20 => '1 EV',
        },
    },
    6.3 => { # CSb3
        Name => 'ExposureCompStepSize',
        Mask => 0x0c,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '1/3 EV',
            0x04 => '1/2 EV',
            0x08 => '1 EV',
        },
    },
    6.4 => { # CSb4
        Name => 'EasyExposureCompensation',
        Mask => 0x03,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Off',
            0x01 => 'On',
            0x02 => 'On (auto reset)',
        },
    },
    7.1 => [ # CSb5
        {
            Name => 'CenterWeightedAreaSize',
            Condition => '$$self{Model} =~ /D3[SX]?\b/',
            Notes => 'D3',
            Mask => 0xe0,
            PrintConv => {
                0x00 => '8 mm',
                0x20 => '12 mm',
                0x40 => '15 mm',
                0x60 => '20 mm',
                0x80 => 'Average',
            },
        },
        {
            Name => 'CenterWeightedAreaSize',
            Notes => 'D300',
            Mask => 0xe0,
            PrintConv => {
                0x00 => '6 mm',
                0x20 => '8 mm',
                0x40 => '10 mm',
                0x60 => '13 mm',
                0x80 => 'Average',
            },
        },
    ],
    7.2 => { # CSb6-b
        Name => 'FineTuneOptCenterWeighted',
        Mask => 0x0f,
        ValueConv => '($val > 0x7 ? $val - 0x10 : $val) / 6',
        ValueConvInv => 'int($val*6+($val>0?0.5:-0.5)) & 0x0f',
        PrintConv => '$val ? sprintf("%+.2f", $val) : 0',
        PrintConvInv => 'Image::ExifTool::Exif::ConvertFraction($val)',
    },
    8.1 => { # CSb6-a
        Name => 'FineTuneOptMatrixMetering',
        Mask => 0xf0,
        ValueConv => '($val > 0x70 ? $val - 0x100 : $val) / 0x60',
        ValueConvInv => '(int($val*6+($val>0?0.5:-0.5))<<4) & 0xf0',
        PrintConv => '$val ? sprintf("%+.2f", $val) : 0',
        PrintConvInv => 'Image::ExifTool::Exif::ConvertFraction($val)',
    },
    8.2 => { # CSb6-c
        Name => 'FineTuneOptSpotMetering',
        Mask => 0x0f,
        ValueConv => '($val > 0x7 ? $val - 0x10 : $val) / 6',
        ValueConvInv => 'int($val*6+($val>0?0.5:-0.5)) & 0x0f',
        PrintConv => '$val ? sprintf("%+.2f", $val) : 0',
        PrintConvInv => 'Image::ExifTool::Exif::ConvertFraction($val)',
    },
    9.1 => { # CSf1-a, CSf2-a (D300S)
        Name => 'MultiSelectorShootMode',
        Mask => 0xc0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Select Center Focus Point',
            0x40 => 'Highlight Active Focus Point',
            0x80 => 'Not Used',
        },
    },
    9.2 => { # CSf1-b, CSf2-b (D300S)
        Name => 'MultiSelectorPlaybackMode',
        Condition => '$$self{Model} !~ /D3S\b/',
        Notes => 'all models except D3S', # (not confirmed for D3X)
        Mask => 0x30,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Thumbnail On/Off',
            0x10 => 'View Histograms',
            0x20 => 'Zoom On/Off',
            0x30 => 'Choose Folder',
        },
    },
    9.3 => [ # CSf1-b2, CSf2-b2 (D300S)
        {
            Name => 'InitialZoomSetting',
            Condition => '$$self{Model} =~ /D3[SX]?\b/',
            Notes => 'D3',
            Mask => 0x0c,
            PrintConv => { #1
                0x00 => 'High Magnification',
                0x04 => 'Medium Magnification',
                0x08 => 'Low Magnification',
            },
        },
        {
            Name => 'InitialZoomSetting',
            Notes => 'D300',
            Mask => 0x0c,
            PrintConv => { #JD
                0x00 => 'Low Magnification',
                0x04 => 'Medium Magnification',
                0x08 => 'High Magnification',
            },
        },
    ],
    9.4 => { # CSf2 (D300,D3), CSf3 (D300S)
        Name => 'MultiSelector',
        Mask => 0x01,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Do Nothing',
            0x01 => 'Reset Meter-off Delay',
        },
    },
    10.1 => { # CSd9 (D300,D3S), CSd10 (D300S), CSd8 (D3)
        Name => 'ExposureDelayMode',
        Mask => 0x40,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'Off', 0x40 => 'On' },
    },
    10.2 => { # CSd4 (D300), CDs5 (D300S), CSd2-a (D3)
        Name => 'CLModeShootingSpeed',
        Mask => 0x07,
        PrintConv => '"$val fps"',
        PrintConvInv => '$val=~s/\s*fps//i; $val',
    },
    10.3 => { # (D3 CSd2-b)
        Name => 'CHModeShootingSpeed',
        Condition => '$$self{Model} =~ /D3[SX]?\b/',
        Notes => 'D3 only',
        Mask => 0x30,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '9 fps',
            0x10 => '10 fps',
            0x20 => '11 fps',
        },
    },
    11 => { # CSd5 (D300), CSd6 (D300S), CSd3 (D3)
        Name => 'MaxContinuousRelease',
        # values: 1-100 (D300), 1-130 (D3)
    },
    12.1 => { # CSf10, CSf11 (D3S,D300S)
        Name => 'ReverseIndicators',
        Mask => 0x20,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '+ 0 -',
            0x20 => '- 0 +',
        },
    },
    12.2 => [ # CSd6 (D300), CSd7 (D300S), CSd4 (D3)
        {
            Name => 'FileNumberSequence',
            Condition => '$$self{Model} =~ /D3[SX]?\b/',
            Notes => 'D3',
            Mask => 0x02,
            PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'On', 0x02 => 'Off' },
        },
        {
            Name => 'FileNumberSequence',
            Notes => 'D300',
            Mask => 0x08,
            PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'On', 0x08 => 'Off' },
        },
    ],
    12.3 => { # CSd5-a (D3)
        Name => 'RearDisplay',
        Condition => '$$self{Model} =~ /D3[SX]?\b/',
        Notes => 'D3 only',
        Mask => 0x80,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'ISO',
            0x80 => 'Exposures Remaining',
        },
    },
    12.4 => { # CSd5-b (D3)
        Name => 'ViewfinderDisplay',
        Condition => '$$self{Model} =~ /D3[SX]?\b/',
        Notes => 'D3 only',
        Mask => 0x40,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Frame Count',
            0x40 => 'Exposures Remaining',
        },
    },
    12.5 => { # CSd11 (D300), CSd12 (D300S)
        Name => 'BatteryOrder',
        Condition => '$$self{Model} =~ /D300S?\b/',
        Notes => 'D300 only',
        Mask => 0x04,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'MB-D10 First',
            0x04 => 'Camera Battery First',
        },
    },
    12.6 => { # CSd10 (D300), CSd11 (D300S)
        Name => 'MB-D10Batteries',
        Condition => '$$self{Model} =~ /D300S?\b/',
        Notes => 'D300 only',
        Mask => 0x03,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'LR6 (AA alkaline)',
            0x01 => 'HR6 (AA Ni-MH)',
            0x02 => 'FR6 (AA lithium)',
            0x03 => 'ZR6 (AA Ni-Mn)',
        },
    },
    12.7 => { # CSd7 (D3S), CSd4, (D300S)
        Name => 'ScreenTips',
        Condition => '$$self{Model} =~ /(D3S|D300S)\b/',
        Mask => 0x10,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'On',
            0x10 => 'Off',
        },
    },
    13.1 => { # CSd1
        Name => 'Beep',
        Mask => 0xc0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'High',
            0x40 => 'Low',
            0x80 => 'Off',
        },
    },
    13.2 => { # CSd7 (D300), CSd8 (D300S), CSd6 (D3)
        Name => 'ShootingInfoDisplay',
        Mask => 0x30,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Auto', #JD (D300)
            0x10 => 'Auto', #1 (D3)
            0x20 => 'Manual (dark on light)',
            0x30 => 'Manual (light on dark)',
        },
    },
    13.3 => { # CSd2 (D300)
        Name => 'GridDisplay',
        Condition => '$$self{Model} =~ /D300S?\b/',
        Notes => 'D300 only',
        Mask => 0x02,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'Off', 0x02 => 'On' },
    },
    13.4 => { # CSd3 (D300)
        Name => 'ViewfinderWarning',
        Condition => '$$self{Model} =~ /D300S?\b/',
        Notes => 'D300 only',
        Mask => 0x01,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'On', 0x01 => 'Off' },
    },
    13.5 => { # CSf1-b (D3S) (ref 1)
        Name => 'MultiSelectorPlaybackMode',
        Condition => '$$self{Model} =~ /D3S\b/',
        Notes => 'D3S only',
        Mask => 0x03,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Thumbnail On/Off',
            0x01 => 'View Histograms',
            0x02 => 'Zoom On/Off',
        },
    },
    14.1 => [ # CSf5-a (ref 1), CSf6-a (D300S)
        {
            Name => 'PreviewButton',
            Condition => '$$self{Model} =~ /D3[SX]?\b/',
            Notes => 'D3',
            Mask => 0xf8,
            PrintConv => {
                0x00 => 'None',
                0x08 => 'Preview',
                0x10 => 'FV Lock',
                0x18 => 'AE/AF Lock',
                0x20 => 'AE Lock Only',
                0x28 => 'AE Lock (reset on release)',
                0x30 => 'AE Lock (hold)',
                0x38 => 'AF Lock Only',
                0x40 => 'Flash Off',
                0x48 => 'Bracketing Burst',
                0x50 => 'Matrix Metering',
                0x58 => 'Center-weighted Metering',
                0x60 => 'Spot Metering',
                0x68 => 'Virtual Horizon',
                # 0x70 not used
                0x78 => 'Playback',
                0x80 => 'My Menu Top',
            },
        },
        { #PH
            Name => 'FuncButton',
            Notes => 'D300',
            Mask => 0xf8,
            PrintConv => {
                0x00 => 'None',
                0x08 => 'Preview',
                0x10 => 'FV Lock',
                0x18 => 'AE/AF Lock',
                0x20 => 'AE Lock Only',
                0x28 => 'AE Lock (reset on release)',
                0x30 => 'AE Lock (hold)',
                0x38 => 'AF Lock Only',
                # 0x40 not used
                0x48 => 'Flash Off',
                0x50 => 'Bracketing Burst',
                0x58 => 'Matrix Metering',
                0x60 => 'Center-weighted Metering',
                0x68 => 'Spot Metering',
                0x70 => 'Playback', #PH (guess)
                0x78 => 'My Menu Top', #PH (guess)
                0x80 => '+ NEF (RAW)', #PH (guess)
            },
        },
    ],
    14.2 => [ # CSf5-b (PH,NC), CSf6-b (D300S)
        {
            Name => 'PreviewButtonPlusDials',
            Condition => '$$self{Model} =~ /D3[SX]?\b/',
            Notes => 'D3',
            Mask => 0x07,
            PrintConv => {
                0 => 'None',
                1 => 'Choose Image Area (FX/DX/5:4)',
                2 => 'One Step Speed/Aperture',
                3 => 'Choose Non-CPU Lens Number',
                # n/a  4 => 'Focus Point Selection',
                5 => 'Choose Image Area (FX/DX)',
                6 => 'Shooting Bank Menu',
                7 => 'Dynamic AF Area', #PH (D3S,D3X,NC)
            },
        },
        { #PH
            Name => 'FuncButtonPlusDials',
            Notes => 'D300',
            Mask => 0x07,
            PrintConv => {
                0 => 'None',
                2 => 'One Step Speed/Aperture',
                3 => 'Choose Non-CPU Lens Number',
                5 => 'Auto Bracketing',
                6 => 'Dynamic AF Area',
            },
        },
    ],
    15.1 => [ # CSf4-a (ref 1), CSf5-a (D300S)
        {
            Name => 'FuncButton',
            Condition => '$$self{Model} =~ /D3[SX]?\b/',
            Notes => 'D3',
            Mask => 0xf8,
            PrintConv => {
                0x00 => 'None',
                0x08 => 'Preview',
                0x10 => 'FV Lock',
                0x18 => 'AE/AF Lock',
                0x20 => 'AE Lock Only',
                0x28 => 'AE Lock (reset on release)',
                0x30 => 'AE Lock (hold)',
                0x38 => 'AF Lock Only',
                0x40 => 'Flash Off',
                0x48 => 'Bracketing Burst',
                0x50 => 'Matrix Metering',
                0x58 => 'Center-weighted Metering',
                0x60 => 'Spot Metering',
                0x68 => 'Virtual Horizon',
                # 0x70 not used
                0x78 => 'Playback',
                0x80 => 'My Menu Top',
            },
        },
        { #PH
            Name => 'PreviewButton',
            Notes => 'D300',
            Mask => 0xf8,
            PrintConv => {
                0x00 => 'None',
                0x08 => 'Preview',
                0x10 => 'FV Lock',
                0x18 => 'AE/AF Lock',
                0x20 => 'AE Lock Only',
                0x28 => 'AE Lock (reset on release)',
                0x30 => 'AE Lock (hold)',
                0x38 => 'AF Lock Only',
                # 0x40 not used
                0x48 => 'Flash Off',
                0x50 => 'Bracketing Burst',
                0x58 => 'Matrix Metering',
                0x60 => 'Center-weighted Metering',
                0x68 => 'Spot Metering',
                0x70 => 'Playback', #PH (guess)
                0x78 => 'My Menu Top', #PH (guess)
                0x80 => '+ NEF (RAW)', #PH (guess)
            },
        },
    ],
    15.2 => [ # CSf4-b (ref 1), CSf5-b (D300S)
        {
            Name => 'FuncButtonPlusDials',
            Condition => '$$self{Model} =~ /D3[SX]?\b/',
            Notes => 'D3',
            Mask => 0x07,
            PrintConv => {
                0 => 'None',
                1 => 'Choose Image Area (FX/DX/5:4)',
                2 => 'One Step Speed/Aperture',
                3 => 'Choose Non-CPU Lens Number',
                4 => 'Focus Point Selection', #(NC)
                5 => 'Choose Image Area (FX/DX)',
                6 => 'Shooting Bank Menu',
                7 => 'Dynamic AF Area', #PH (D3S,D3X,NC)
            },
        },
        { #PH
            Name => 'PreviewButtonPlusDials',
            Notes => 'D300',
            Mask => 0x07,
            PrintConv => {
                0 => 'None',
                2 => 'One Step Speed/Aperture',
                3 => 'Choose Non-CPU Lens Number',
                5 => 'Auto Bracketing',
                6 => 'Dynamic AF Area',
            },
        },
    ],
    16.1 => [ # CSf6-a (ref 1), CSf7-a (D300S)
        {
            Name => 'AELockButton',
            Condition => '$$self{Model} =~ /D3[SX]?\b/',
            Notes => 'D3',
            Mask => 0xf8,
            PrintConv => {
                0x00 => 'None',
                0x08 => 'Preview',
                0x10 => 'FV Lock',
                0x18 => 'AE/AF Lock',
                0x20 => 'AE Lock Only',
                0x28 => 'AE Lock (reset on release)',
                0x30 => 'AE Lock (hold)',
                0x38 => 'AF Lock Only',
                0x40 => 'Flash Off',
                0x48 => 'Bracketing Burst',
                0x50 => 'Matrix Metering',
                0x58 => 'Center-weighted Metering',
                0x60 => 'Spot Metering',
                0x68 => 'Virtual Horizon',
                0x70 => 'AF On', # (AE-L/AF-L button only)
                0x78 => 'Playback',
                0x80 => 'My Menu Top',
            },
        },
        { #PH
            Name => 'AELockButton',
            Notes => 'D300',
            Mask => 0xf8,
            PrintConv => {
                0x00 => 'None',
                0x08 => 'Preview',
                0x10 => 'FV Lock',
                0x18 => 'AE/AF Lock',
                0x20 => 'AE Lock Only',
                0x28 => 'AE Lock (reset on release)',
                0x30 => 'AE Lock (hold)',
                0x38 => 'AF Lock Only',
                0x40 => 'AF On', # (AE-L/AF-L button only)
                0x48 => 'Flash Off',
                0x50 => 'Bracketing Burst',
                0x58 => 'Matrix Metering',
                0x60 => 'Center-weighted Metering',
                0x68 => 'Spot Metering',
                0x70 => 'Playback', #PH (guess)
                0x78 => 'My Menu Top', #PH (guess)
                0x80 => '+ NEF (RAW)', #PH (guess)
            },
        },
    ],
    16.2 => [ # CSf6-b (ref 1), CSf7-b (D300S)
        {
            Name => 'AELockButtonPlusDials',
            Condition => '$$self{Model} =~ /D3[SX]?\b/',
            Notes => 'D3',
            Mask => 0x07,
            PrintConv => {
                0 => 'None',
                1 => 'Choose Image Area (FX/DX/5:4)',
                2 => 'One Step Speed/Aperture',
                3 => 'Choose Non-CPU Lens Number',
                # n/c 4 => 'Focus Point Selection', #(NC)
                5 => 'Choose Image Area (FX/DX)',
                6 => 'Shooting Bank Menu',
                7 => 'Dynamic AF Area', #PH (D3S,D3X,NC)
            },
        },
        { #PH
            Name => 'AELockButtonPlusDials',
            Notes => 'D300',
            Mask => 0x07,
            PrintConv => {
                0 => 'None',
                # n/a  2 => 'One Step Speed/Aperture',
                3 => 'Choose Non-CPU Lens Number',
                5 => 'Auto Bracketing', #(NC)
                6 => 'Dynamic AF Area',
            },
        },
    ],
    17.1 => { # CSf7-a, CSf8-a (D3S,D300S)
        Name => 'CommandDialsReverseRotation',
        Mask => 0x80,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'No', 0x80 => 'Yes' },
    },
    17.2 => { # CSf7-b, CSf8-b (D3S,D300S)
        Name => 'CommandDialsChangeMainSub',
        Mask => 0x40,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'Off', 0x40 => 'On' },
    },
    17.3 => { # CSf7-c, CSf8-c (D3S,D300S)
        Name => 'CommandDialsApertureSetting',
        Mask => 0x20,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Sub-command Dial',
            0x20 => 'Aperture Ring',
        },
    },
    17.4 => { # CSf7-d, CSf8-d (D3S,D300S)
        Name => 'CommandDialsMenuAndPlayback',
        Mask => 0x10,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'Off', 0x10 => 'On' },
    },
    17.5 => { # CSd8 (D300,D3S), CSd9 (D300S), CSd7 (D3)
        Name => 'LCDIllumination',
        Mask => 0x08,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'Off', 0x08 => 'On' },
    },
    17.6 => { # CSf3, CSf4 (D300S)
        Name => 'PhotoInfoPlayback',
        Mask => 0x04,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Info Up-down, Playback Left-right',
            0x04 => 'Info Left-right, Playback Up-down',
        },
    },
    17.7 => { # CSc1
        Name => 'ShutterReleaseButtonAE-L',
        Mask => 0x02,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'Off', 0x02 => 'On' },
    },
    17.8 => { # CSf8, CSf9 (D3S,D300S)
        Name => 'ReleaseButtonToUseDial',
        Mask => 0x01,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'No', 0x01 => 'Yes' },
    },
    18.1 => { # CSc3
        Name => 'SelfTimerTime',
        Mask => 0x18,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '2 s',
            0x08 => '5 s',
            0x10 => '10 s',
            0x18 => '20 s',
        },
    },
    18.2 => { # CSc4
        Name => 'MonitorOffTime',
        # NOTE: The D3S and D300S have separate settings for Playback,
        # Image Review, Menus, and Information Display times
        Mask => 0x07,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '10 s',
            0x01 => '20 s',
            0x02 => '1 min',
            0x03 => '5 min',
            0x04 => '10 min',
        },
    },
    20.1 => [ # CSe1
        {
            Name => 'FlashSyncSpeed',
            Condition => '$$self{Model} =~ /D3[SX]?\b/',
            Notes => 'D3',
            Mask => 0xe0,
            PrintConv => {
                0x00 => '1/250 s (auto FP)',
                0x20 => '1/250 s',
                0x40 => '1/200 s',
                0x60 => '1/160 s',
                0x80 => '1/125 s',
                0xa0 => '1/100 s',
                0xc0 => '1/80 s',
                0xe0 => '1/60 s',
            },
        },
        {
            Name => 'FlashSyncSpeed',
            Notes => 'D300',
            Mask => 0xf0,
            PrintConv => {
                0x00 => '1/320 s (auto FP)',
                0x10 => '1/250 s (auto FP)',
                0x20 => '1/250 s',
                0x30 => '1/200 s',
                0x40 => '1/160 s',
                0x50 => '1/125 s',
                0x60 => '1/100 s',
                0x70 => '1/80 s',
                0x80 => '1/60 s',
            },
        },
    ],
    20.2 => { # CSe2
        Name => 'FlashShutterSpeed',
        Mask => 0x0f,
        PrintConvColumns => 2,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '1/60 s',
            0x01 => '1/30 s',
            0x02 => '1/15 s',
            0x03 => '1/8 s',
            0x04 => '1/4 s',
            0x05 => '1/2 s',
            0x06 => '1 s',
            0x07 => '2 s',
            0x08 => '4 s',
            0x09 => '8 s',
            0x0a => '15 s',
            0x0b => '30 s',
        },
    },
    21.1 => [{ # CSe5 (D300), CSe4 (D3)
        Name => 'AutoBracketSet',
        Condition => '$$self{Model} !~ /(D3S|D300S)\b/',
        Notes => 'D3 and D300',
        Mask => 0xc0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'AE & Flash',
            0x40 => 'AE Only',
            0x80 => 'Flash Only',
            0xc0 => 'WB Bracketing',
        },
    },{ # CSe4 (D3S) (NC for D300S)
        Name => 'AutoBracketSet',
        Notes => 'D3S and D300S',
        Mask => 0xe0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'AE & Flash',
            0x20 => 'AE Only',
            0x40 => 'Flash Only',
            0x60 => 'WB Bracketing',
            # D3S/D300S have an "ADL Bracketing" setting - PH
            0x80 => 'ADL Bracketing',
        },
    }],
    21.2 => [{ # CSe6 (D300), CSe5 (D3)
        Name => 'AutoBracketModeM',
        Condition => '$$self{Model} !~ /(D3S|D300S)\b/',
        Notes => 'D3 and D300',
        Mask => 0x30,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Flash/Speed',
            0x10 => 'Flash/Speed/Aperture',
            0x20 => 'Flash/Aperture',
            0x30 => 'Flash Only',
        },
    },{ # CSe5 (D3S)
        Name => 'AutoBracketModeM',
        Notes => 'D3S and D300S',
        Mask => 0x18,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Flash/Speed',
            0x08 => 'Flash/Speed/Aperture',
            0x10 => 'Flash/Aperture',
            0x18 => 'Flash Only',
        },
    }],
    21.3 => [{ # CSe7 (D300), CSe6 (D3)
        Name => 'AutoBracketOrder',
        Condition => '$$self{Model} !~ /(D3S|D300S)\b/',
        Notes => 'D3 and D300',
        Mask => 0x08,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '0,-,+',
            0x08 => '-,0,+',
        },
    },{ # CSe6 (D3S)
        Name => 'AutoBracketOrder',
        Notes => 'D3S and D300S',
        Mask => 0x04,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '0,-,+',
            0x04 => '-,0,+',
        },
    }],
    21.4 => { # CSe4 (D300), CSe3 (D3)
        Name => 'ModelingFlash',
        Mask => 0x01,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'On', 0x01 => 'Off' },
    },
    22.1 => { # CSf9, CSf10 (D3S,D300S)
        Name => 'NoMemoryCard',
        Mask => 0x80,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Release Locked',
            0x80 => 'Enable Release',
        },
    },
    22.2 => { # CSc2
        Name => 'MeteringTime',
        Mask => 0x0f,
        PrintConvColumns => 2,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '4 s',
            0x01 => '6 s',
            0x02 => '8 s',
            0x03 => '16 s',
            0x04 => '30 s',
            0x05 => '1 min',
            0x06 => '5 min',
            0x07 => '10 min',
            0x08 => '30 min',
            0x09 => 'No Limit',
        },
    },
    23.1 => { # CSe3
        Name => 'InternalFlash',
        Mask => 0xc0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'TTL',
            0x40 => 'Manual',
            0x80 => 'Repeating Flash',
            0xc0 => 'Commander Mode',
        },
    },
    25.1 => { #1 CSc4-d (D3S)
        Name => 'ImageReviewTime',
        Mask => 0xe0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '4 s',
            0x20 => '10 s',
            0x40 => '20 s',
            0x60 => '1 min',
            0x80 => '5 min',
            0xa0 => '10 min',
        },
    },
    25.2 => { #1 CSc4-a (D3S)
        Name => 'PlaybackMonitorOffTime',
        Mask => 0x1c,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '4 s',
            0x04 => '10 s',
            0x08 => '20 s',
            0x0c => '1 min',
            0x10 => '5 min',
            0x14 => '10 min',
        },
    },
    26.1 => { #1 CSc4-b (D3S)
        Name => 'MenuMonitorOffTime',
        Mask => 0xe0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '4 s',
            0x20 => '10 s',
            0x40 => '20 s',
            0x60 => '1 min',
            0x80 => '5 min',
            0xa0 => '10 min',
        },
    },
    26.2 => { #1 CSc4-c (D3S)
        Name => 'ShootingInfoMonitorOffTime',
        Mask => 0x1c,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '4 s',
            0x04 => '10 s',
            0x08 => '20 s',
            0x0c => '1 min',
            0x10 => '5 min',
            0x14 => '10 min',
        },
    },
);

# D700 custom settings (ref 2)
%Image::ExifTool::NikonCustom::SettingsD700 = (
    PROCESS_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::ProcessBinaryData,
    WRITE_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::WriteBinaryData,
    CHECK_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::CheckBinaryData,
    WRITABLE => 1,
    FIRST_ENTRY => 0,
    DATAMEMBER => [ 16.1 ],
    GROUPS => { 0 => 'MakerNotes', 2 => 'Camera' },
    NOTES => 'Custom settings for the D700.',
    0.1 => { #1
        Name => 'CustomSettingsBank',
        Mask => 0x03,
        PrintConv => {
            0 => 'A',
            1 => 'B',
            2 => 'C',
            3 => 'D',
        },
    },
    0.2 => { #1
        Name => 'CustomSettingsAllDefault',
        Notes => '"No" if any custom setting for this bank was changed from the default',
        Mask => 0x80,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'Yes', 0x80 => 'No' },
    },
    1.1 => { # CSa1
        Name => 'AF-CPrioritySelection',
        Mask => 0xc0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Release',
            0x40 => 'Release + Focus',
            0x80 => 'Focus',
        },
    },
    1.2 => { # CSa2
        Name => 'AF-SPrioritySelection',
        Mask => 0x20,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Focus',
            0x20 => 'Release',
        },
    },
    1.3 => { # CSa8
        Name => 'AFPointSelection',
        Mask => 0x10,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '51 Points',
            0x10 => '11 Points',
        },
    },
    1.4 => { # CSa3
        Name => 'DynamicAFArea',
        Mask => 0x0c,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '9 Points',
            0x04 => '21 Points',
            0x08 => '51 Points',
            0x0c => '51 Points (3D-tracking)',
        },
    },
    2.1 => { # CSa5
        Name => 'AFActivation',
        Mask => 0x80,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Shutter/AF-On',
            0x80 => 'AF-On Only',
        },
    },
    2.2 => { # CSa7
        Name => 'FocusPointWrap',
        Mask => 0x08,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'No Wrap',
            0x08 => 'Wrap',
        },
    },
    2.3 => { # CSa6
        Name => 'AFPointIllumination',
        Mask => 0x06,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Auto',
            0x02 => 'Off',
            0x04 => 'On',
        },
    },
    2.4 => { # CSa9
        Name => 'AFAssist',
        Mask => 0x01,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'On', 0x01 => 'Off' },
    },
    3.1 => { # CSa4
        Name => 'FocusTrackingLockOn',
        Mask => 0x07,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '3 Normal',
            0x01 => '4',
            0x02 => '5 Long',
            0x03 => '2',
            0x04 => '1 Short',
            0x05 => 'Off',
        },
    },
    3.2 => { # CSa10
        Name => 'AF-OnForMB-D10',
        Mask => 0x70,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'AF-On',
            0x10 => 'AE/AF Lock',
            0x20 => 'AE Lock Only',
            0x30 => 'AE Lock (reset on release)',
            0x40 => 'AE Lock (hold)',
            0x50 => 'AF Lock Only',
            0x60 => 'Same as FUNC Button',
        },
    },
    4.1 => { # CSb1
        Name => 'ISOStepSize',
        Mask => 0xc0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '1/3 EV',
            0x40 => '1/2 EV',
            0x80 => '1 EV',
        },
    },
    4.2 => { # CSb2
        Name => 'ExposureControlStepSize',
        Mask => 0x30,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '1/3 EV',
            0x10 => '1/2 EV',
            0x20 => '1 EV',
        },
    },
    4.3 => { # CSb3
        Name => 'ExposureCompStepSize',
        Mask => 0x0c,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '1/3 EV',
            0x04 => '1/2 EV',
            0x08 => '1 EV',
        },
    },
    4.4 => { # CSb4
        Name => 'EasyExposureCompensation',
        Mask => 0x03,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Off',
            0x01 => 'On',
            0x02 => 'On (auto reset)',
        },
    },
    5.1 => { # CSb5
        Name => 'CenterWeightedAreaSize',
        Mask => 0x70,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '8 mm',
            0x10 => '12 mm',
            0x20 => '15 mm',
            0x30 => '20 mm',
            0x40 => 'Average',
        },
    },
    6.1 => { # CSb6-a
        Name => 'FineTuneOptMatrixMetering',
        Mask => 0xf0,
        ValueConv => '($val > 0x70 ? $val - 0x100 : $val) / 0x60',
        ValueConvInv => '(int($val*6+($val>0?0.5:-0.5))<<4) & 0xf0',
        PrintConv => '$val ? sprintf("%+.2f", $val) : 0',
        PrintConvInv => 'Image::ExifTool::Exif::ConvertFraction($val)',
    },
    6.2 => { # CSb6-c
        Name => 'FineTuneOptSpotMetering',
        Mask => 0x0f,
        ValueConv => '($val > 0x7 ? $val - 0x10 : $val) / 6',
        ValueConvInv => 'int($val*6+($val>0?0.5:-0.5)) & 0x0f',
        PrintConv => '$val ? sprintf("%+.2f", $val) : 0',
        PrintConvInv => 'Image::ExifTool::Exif::ConvertFraction($val)',
    },
    7.1 => { # CSc1
        Name => 'ShutterReleaseButtonAE-L',
        Mask => 0x80,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'Off', 0x80 => 'On' },
    },
    7.2 => { # CSc3
        Name => 'SelfTimerTime',
        Mask => 0x30,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '2 s',
            0x10 => '5 s',
            0x20 => '10 s',
            0x30 => '20 s',
        },
    },
    7.3 => { # CSc2
        Name => 'MeteringTime',
        Mask => 0x0f,
        PrintConvColumns => 2,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '4 s',
            0x01 => '6 s',
            0x02 => '8 s',
            0x03 => '16 s',
            0x04 => '30 s',
            0x05 => '1 min',
            0x06 => '5 min',
            0x07 => '10 min',
            0x08 => '30 min',
            0x09 => 'No Limit',
        },
    },
    8.1 => { # CSc4-a
        Name => 'PlaybackMonitorOffTime',
        Mask => 0x38,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '4 s',
            0x08 => '10 s',
            0x10 => '20 s',
            0x18 => '1 min',
            0x20 => '5 min',
            0x28 => '10 min',
        },
    },
    8.2 => { # CSc4-b
        Name => 'MenuMonitorOffTime',
        Mask => 0x07,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '4 s',
            0x01 => '10 s',
            0x02 => '20 s',
            0x03 => '1 min',
            0x04 => '5 min',
            0x05 => '10 min',
        },
    },
    9.1 => { # CSc4-c
        Name => 'ShootingInfoMonitorOffTime',
        Mask => 0x38,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '4 s',
            0x08 => '10 s',
            0x10 => '20 s',
            0x18 => '1 min',
            0x20 => '5 min',
            0x28 => '10 min',
        },
    },
    9.2 => { # CSc4-d
        Name => 'ImageReviewTime',
        Mask => 0x07,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '4 s',
            0x01 => '10 s',
            0x02 => '20 s',
            0x03 => '1 min',
            0x04 => '5 min',
            0x05 => '10 min',
        },
    },
    10.1 => { # CSd1
        Name => 'Beep',
        Mask => 0xc0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'High',
            0x40 => 'Low',
            0x80 => 'Off',
        },
    },
    10.2 => { # CSd7
        Name => 'ShootingInfoDisplay',
        Mask => 0x30,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Auto', #JD (D300)
            0x10 => 'Auto', #1 (D3)
            0x20 => 'Manual (dark on light)',
            0x30 => 'Manual (light on dark)',
        },
    },
    10.3 => { # CSd8
        Name => 'LCDIllumination',
        Mask => 0x08,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'Off', 0x08 => 'On' },
    },
    10.4 => { # CSd9
        Name => 'ExposureDelayMode',
        Mask => 0x04,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'Off', 0x04 => 'On' },
    },
    10.5 => { # CSd2
        Name => 'GridDisplay',
        Mask => 0x02,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'Off', 0x02 => 'On' },
    },
    11.1 => { # CSd6
        Name => 'FileNumberSequence',
        Mask => 0x40,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'On', 0x40 => 'Off' },
    },
    11.2 => { # CSd4
        Name => 'CLModeShootingSpeed',
        Mask => 0x07,
        PrintConv => '"$val fps"',
        PrintConvInv => '$val=~s/\s*fps//i; $val',
    },
    12 => { # CSd5
        Name => 'MaxContinuousRelease',
        # values: 1-100
    },
    13.1 => { # CSd3
        Name => 'ScreenTips',
        Mask => 0x08,
        PrintConv => { 0x08 => 'On', 0x00 => 'Off' },
    },
    13.2 => { # CSd11
        Name => 'BatteryOrder',
        Mask => 0x04,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'MB-D10 First',
            0x04 => 'Camera Battery First',
        },
    },
    13.3 => { # CSd10
        Name => 'MB-D10BatteryType',
        Mask => 0x03,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'LR6 (AA alkaline)',
            0x01 => 'HR6 (AA Ni-MH)',
            0x02 => 'FR6 (AA lithium)',
            0x03 => 'ZR6 (AA Ni-Mn)',
        },
    },
    15.1 => { # CSe1
        Name => 'FlashSyncSpeed',
        Mask => 0xf0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '1/320 s (auto FP)',
            0x10 => '1/250 s (auto FP)',
            0x20 => '1/250 s',
            0x30 => '1/200 s',
            0x40 => '1/160 s',
            0x50 => '1/125 s',
            0x60 => '1/100 s',
            0x70 => '1/80 s',
            0x80 => '1/60 s',
       },
    },
    15.2 => { # CSe2
        Name => 'FlashShutterSpeed',
        Mask => 0x0f,
        PrintConvColumns => 2,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '1/60 s',
            0x01 => '1/30 s',
            0x02 => '1/15 s',
            0x03 => '1/8 s',
            0x04 => '1/4 s',
            0x05 => '1/2 s',
            0x06 => '1 s',
            0x07 => '2 s',
            0x08 => '4 s',
            0x09 => '8 s',
            0x0a => '15 s',
            0x0b => '30 s',
        },
    },
    16.1 => { # CSe3
        Name => 'FlashControlBuilt-in',
        # Note If set the Manual, Repeating Flash, Commander Mode
        #      does not decode the detail settings.
        Mask => 0xc0,
        RawConv => '$$self{FlashControlBuiltin} = $val',
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'TTL',
            0x40 => 'Manual',
            0x80 => 'Repeating Flash',
            0xc0 => 'Commander Mode',
        },
    },
    16.2 => { # CSe3-b
        Name => 'ManualFlashOutput',
        Condition => '$$self{FlashControlBuiltin} == 0x40',
        Mask => 0x1f,
        ValueConv => '2 ** (-$val/3)',
        ValueConvInv => '$val > 0 ? -3*log($val)/log(2) : 0',
        PrintConv => q{
            return 'Full' if $val > 0.99;
            Image::ExifTool::Exif::PrintExposureTime($val);
        },
        PrintConvInv => '$val=~/F/i ? 1 : Image::ExifTool::Exif::ConvertFraction($val)',
    },
    17.1 => { # CSe3-ca
        Name => 'RepeatingFlashOutput',
        Condition => '$$self{FlashControlBuiltin} == 0x80',
        Mask => 0x70,
        ValueConv => '2 ** (-($val>>4)-2)',
        ValueConvInv => '$val > 0 ? int(-log($val)/log(2)-2+0.5)<<4 : 0',
        PrintConv => 'Image::ExifTool::Exif::PrintExposureTime($val)',
        PrintConvInv => 'Image::ExifTool::Exif::ConvertFraction($val)',
    },
    17.2 => { # CSe3-cb
        Name => 'RepeatingFlashCount',
        Condition => '$$self{FlashControlBuiltin} == 0x80',
        Mask => 0x0f,
        ValueConv => '$val < 10 ? $val + 1 : 5 * ($val - 7)',
        ValueConvInv => '$val <= 10 ? $val - 1 : $val / 5 + 7',
    },
    18.1 => { # CSe3-cc (NC)
        Name => 'RepeatingFlashRate',
        Condition => '$$self{FlashControlBuiltin} == 0x80',
        Mask => 0xf0,
        ValueConv => 'my $v=($val>>4); $v < 10 ? $v + 1 : 10 * ($v - 8)',
        ValueConvInv => 'int(($val <= 10 ? $val - 1 : $val / 10 + 8) + 0.5) << 4',
        PrintConv => '"$val Hz"',
        PrintConvInv => '$val=~/(\d+)/; $1 || 0',
    },
    18.2 => { # CSe3-dd
        Name => 'CommanderInternalTTLChannel',
        Condition => '$$self{FlashControlBuiltin} == 0xc0',
        Mask => 0x03,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '1 ch',
            0x01 => '2 ch',
            0x02 => '3 ch',
            0x03 => '4 ch',
        },
    },
    20.1 => { # CSe3-da
        Name => 'CommanderInternalTTLCompBuiltin',
        Condition => '$$self{FlashControlBuiltin} == 0xc0',
        Mask => 0x1f,
        ValueConv => '($val - 9) / 3',
        ValueConvInv => '$val * 3 + 9',
        PrintConv => '$val ? sprintf("%+.1f",$val) : 0',
        PrintConvInv => '$val',
    },
    21.1 => { # CSe3-db
        Name => 'CommanderInternalTTLCompGroupA',
        Condition => '$$self{FlashControlBuiltin} == 0xc0',
        Mask => 0x1f,
        ValueConv => '($val - 9) / 3',
        ValueConvInv => '$val * 3 + 9',
        PrintConv => '$val ? sprintf("%+.1f",$val) : 0',
        PrintConvInv => '$val',
    },
    22.1 => { # CSe3-dc
        Name => 'CommanderInternalTTLCompGroupB',
        Condition => '$$self{FlashControlBuiltin} == 0xc0',
        Mask => 0x1f,
        ValueConv => '($val - 9) / 3',
        ValueConvInv => '$val * 3 + 9',
        PrintConv => '$val ? sprintf("%+.1f",$val) : 0',
        PrintConvInv => '$val',
    },
    26.1 => { # CSe5
        Name => 'AutoBracketSet',
        Mask => 0xc0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'AE & Flash',
            0x40 => 'AE Only',
            0x80 => 'Flash Only',
            0xc0 => 'WB Bracketing',
        },
    },
    26.2 => { # CSe6
        Name => 'AutoBracketModeM',
        Mask => 0x30,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Flash/Speed',
            0x10 => 'Flash/Speed/Aperture',
            0x20 => 'Flash/Aperture',
            0x30 => 'Flash Only',
        },
    },
    26.3 => { # CSe7
        Name => 'AutoBracketOrder',
        Mask => 0x08,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '0,-,+',
            0x08 => '-,0,+',
        },
    },
    26.4 => { # CSe4
        Name => 'ModelingFlash',
        Mask => 0x01,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'On', 0x01 => 'Off' },
    },
    27.1 => { # CSf2-a
        Name => 'MultiSelectorShootMode',
        Mask => 0xc0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Select Center Focus Point',
            0x40 => 'Highlight Active Focus Point',
            0x80 => 'Not Used',
        },
    },
    27.2 => { # CSf2-b
        Name => 'MultiSelectorPlaybackMode',
        Mask => 0x30,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Thumbnail On/Off',
            0x10 => 'View Histograms',
            0x20 => 'Zoom On/Off',
            0x30 => 'Choose Folder',
        },
    },
    27.3 => { # CSf2-b2
        Name => 'InitialZoomSetting',
        Mask => 0x0c,
        PrintConv => { #1
            0x00 => 'Low Magnification',
            0x04 => 'Medium Magnification',
            0x08 => 'High Magnification',
        },
    },
    27.4 => { # CSf3
        Name => 'MultiSelector',
        Mask => 0x01,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Do Nothing',
            0x01 => 'Reset Meter-off Delay',
        },
    },
    28.1 => { # CSf5-a
        Name => 'FuncButton',
        Mask => 0xf8,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'None',
            0x08 => 'Preview',
            0x10 => 'FV Lock',
            0x18 => 'AE/AF Lock',
            0x20 => 'AE Lock Only',
            0x28 => 'AE Lock (reset on release)',
            0x30 => 'AE Lock (hold)',
            0x38 => 'AF Lock Only',
            # 0x40 not used
            0x48 => 'Flash Off',
            0x50 => 'Bracketing Burst',
            0x58 => 'Matrix Metering',
            0x60 => 'Center-weighted Metering',
            0x68 => 'Spot Metering',
            0x70 => 'My Menu Top',
            0x78 => 'Live View',
            0x80 => '+ NEF (RAW)',
            0x88 => 'Virtual Horizon',
        },
    },
    29.1 => { # CSf6-a
        Name => 'PreviewButton',
        Mask => 0xf8,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'None',
            0x08 => 'Preview',
            0x10 => 'FV Lock',
            0x18 => 'AE/AF Lock',
            0x20 => 'AE Lock Only',
            0x28 => 'AE Lock (reset on release)',
            0x30 => 'AE Lock (hold)',
            0x38 => 'AF Lock Only',
            0x40 => 'AF-ON',
            0x48 => 'Flash Off',
            0x50 => 'Bracketing Burst',
            0x58 => 'Matrix Metering',
            0x60 => 'Center-weighted Metering',
            0x68 => 'Spot Metering',
            0x70 => 'My Menu Top',
            0x78 => 'Live View',
            0x80 => '+ NEF (RAW)',
            0x88 => 'Virtual Horizon',
        },
    },
    30.1 => { # CSf7-a
        Name => 'AELockButton',
        Notes => 'D300',
        Mask => 0xf8,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'None',
            0x08 => 'Preview',
            0x10 => 'FV Lock',
            0x18 => 'AE/AF Lock',
            0x20 => 'AE Lock Only',
            0x28 => 'AE Lock (reset on release)',
            0x30 => 'AE Lock (hold)',
            0x38 => 'AF Lock Only',
            0x40 => 'AF-ON',
            0x48 => 'Flash Off',
            0x50 => 'Bracketing Burst',
            0x58 => 'Matrix Metering',
            0x60 => 'Center-weighted Metering',
            0x68 => 'Spot Metering',
            0x70 => 'My Menu Top',
            0x78 => 'Live View',
            0x80 => '+ NEF (RAW)',
            0x88 => 'Virtual Horizon',
        },
    },
    31.1 => { # CSf5-b
        Name => 'FuncButtonPlusDials',
        Mask => 0x70,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'None',
            0x10 => 'Choose Image Area',
            0x20 => 'One Step Speed/Aperture',
            0x30 => 'Choose Non-CPU Lens Number',
            # n/a  0x40 => 'Focus Point Selection',
            0x50 => 'Auto bracketing',
            0x60 => 'Dynamic AF Area',
            0x70 => 'Shutter speed & Aperture lock',
        },
    },
    31.2 => { # CSf6-b
        Name => 'PreviewButtonPlusDials',
        Mask => 0x07,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'None',
            0x01 => 'Choose Image Area',
            0x02 => 'One Step Speed/Aperture',
            0x03 => 'Choose Non-CPU Lens Number',
            # n/a  0x04 => 'Focus Point Selection',
            0x05 => 'Auto bracketing',
            0x06 => 'Dynamic AF Area',
            0x07 => 'Shutter speed & Aperture lock',
        },
    },
    32.1 => { # CSf7-b
        Name => 'AELockButtonPlusDials',
        Mask => 0x70,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'None',
            0x10 => 'Choose Image Area',
            0x20 => 'One Step Speed/Aperture',
            0x30 => 'Choose Non-CPU Lens Number',
            # n/a  0x40 => 'Focus Point Selection',
            0x50 => 'Auto bracketing',
            0x60 => 'Dynamic AF Area',
            0x70 => 'Shutter speed & Aperture lock',
        },
    },
    33.1 => { # CSf9-a
        Name => 'CommandDialsReverseRotation',
        Mask => 0x80,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'No', 0x80 => 'Yes' },
    },
    33.2 => { # CSf9-b
        Name => 'CommandDialsChangeMainSub',
        Mask => 0x40,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'Off', 0x40 => 'On' },
    },
    33.3 => { # CSf9-c
        Name => 'CommandDialsApertureSetting',
        Mask => 0x20,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Sub-command Dial',
            0x20 => 'Aperture Ring',
        },
    },
    33.4 => { # CSf9-d
        Name => 'CommandDialsMenuAndPlayback',
        Mask => 0x10,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'Off', 0x10 => 'On' },
    },
    33.5 => { # CSf12
        Name => 'ReverseIndicators',
        Mask => 0x08,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '+ 0 -',
            0x08 => '- 0 +',
        },
    },
    33.6 => { # CSf4
        Name => 'PhotoInfoPlayback',
        Mask => 0x04,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'Off', 0x04 => 'On' },
    },
    33.7 => { # CSf11
        Name => 'NoMemoryCard',
        Mask => 0x02,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Release Locked',
            0x02 => 'Enable Release',
        },
    },
    33.8 => { # CSf10
        Name => 'ReleaseButtonToUseDial',
        Mask => 0x01,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'No', 0x01 => 'Yes' },
    },
);

# D800 custom settings (ref PH)
%Image::ExifTool::NikonCustom::SettingsD800 = (
    PROCESS_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::ProcessBinaryData,
    WRITE_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::WriteBinaryData,
    CHECK_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::CheckBinaryData,
    WRITABLE => 1,
    FIRST_ENTRY => 0,
    DATAMEMBER => [ 23.1 ],
    GROUPS => { 0 => 'MakerNotes', 2 => 'Camera' },
    NOTES => 'Custom settings for the D800 and D800E.',
    12.1 => { # CSe5
        Name => 'AutoBracketingSet',
        Mask => 0xe0, #(NC)
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'AE & Flash', # default
            0x20 => 'AE Only', #(NC)
            0x40 => 'Flash Only',
            0x60 => 'WB Bracketing', #(NC)
            0x80 => 'Active D-Lighting', #(NC)
        },
    },
    12.2 => { # CSe7
        Name => 'AutoBracketOrder',
        Mask => 0x10,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '0,-,+',
            0x10 => '-,0,+',
        },
    },
    12.3 => { # CSe6
        Name => 'AutoBracketingMode',
        Mask => 0x0c,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Flash/Speed',
            0x04 => 'Flash/Speed/Aperture',
            0x08 => 'Flash/Aperture',
            0x0c => 'Flash Only',
        },
    },
    # 21 - 100 (MaxContinuousRelease?)
    22.1 => { # CSe1
        Name => 'FlashSyncSpeed',
        Mask => 0xf0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '1/320 s (auto FP)',
            0x10 => '1/250 s (auto FP)',
            0x20 => '1/250 s',
            0x30 => '1/200 s',
            0x40 => '1/160 s',
            0x50 => '1/125 s',
            0x60 => '1/100 s',
            0x70 => '1/80 s',
            0x80 => '1/60 s',
       },
    },
    22.2 => { # CSe2
        Name => 'FlashShutterSpeed',
        Mask => 0x0f,
        PrintConvColumns => 2,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '1/60 s',
            0x01 => '1/30 s',
            0x02 => '1/15 s',
            0x03 => '1/8 s',
            0x04 => '1/4 s',
            0x05 => '1/2 s',
            0x06 => '1 s',
            0x07 => '2 s',
            0x08 => '4 s',
            0x09 => '8 s',
            0x0a => '15 s',
            0x0b => '30 s',
        },
    },
    23.1 => { # CSe3
        Name => 'FlashControlBuilt-in',
        Mask => 0xc0,
        RawConv => '$$self{FlashControlBuiltin} = $val',
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'TTL',
            0x40 => 'Manual',
            0x80 => 'Repeating Flash',
            0xc0 => 'Commander Mode',
        },
    },
    23.2 => { # CSe3-b
        Name => 'ManualFlashOutput',
        Condition => '$$self{FlashControlBuiltin} == 0x40',
        Mask => 0x1f,
        ValueConv => '2 ** (-$val/3)',
        ValueConvInv => '$val > 0 ? -3*log($val)/log(2) : 0',
        PrintConv => q{
            return 'Full' if $val > 0.99;
            Image::ExifTool::Exif::PrintExposureTime($val);
        },
        PrintConvInv => '$val=~/F/i ? 1 : Image::ExifTool::Exif::ConvertFraction($val)',
    },
    24.1 => { # CSe3-ca
        Name => 'RepeatingFlashOutput',
        Condition => '$$self{FlashControlBuiltin} == 0x80',
        Mask => 0x70,
        ValueConv => '2 ** (-($val>>4)-2)',
        ValueConvInv => '$val > 0 ? int(-log($val)/log(2)-2+0.5)<<4 : 0',
        PrintConv => 'Image::ExifTool::Exif::PrintExposureTime($val)',
        PrintConvInv => 'Image::ExifTool::Exif::ConvertFraction($val)',
    },
    24.2 => { # CSe3-cb
        Name => 'RepeatingFlashCount',
        Condition => '$$self{FlashControlBuiltin} == 0x80',
        Mask => 0x0f,
        ValueConv => '$val < 10 ? $val + 1 : 5 * ($val - 7)',
        ValueConvInv => '$val <= 10 ? $val - 1 : $val / 5 + 7',
    },
    25.1 => { # CSe3-cc
        Name => 'RepeatingFlashRate',
        Condition => '$$self{FlashControlBuiltin} == 0x80',
        Mask => 0xf0,
        ValueConv => 'my $v=($val>>4); $v < 10 ? $v + 1 : 10 * ($v - 8)',
        ValueConvInv => 'int(($val <= 10 ? $val - 1 : $val / 10 + 8) + 0.5) << 4',
        PrintConv => '"$val Hz"',
        PrintConvInv => '$val=~/(\d+)/; $1 || 0',
    },
    25.2 => { # CSe3
        Name => 'CommanderChannel',
        Mask => 0x03,
        ValueConv => '$val + 1',
        ValueConvInv => '$val - 1',
    },
    27.1 => { # CSe3
        Name => 'CommanderInternalFlash',
        Mask => 0xc0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'TTL',
            0x40 => 'Manual',
            0x80 => 'Off',
        },
    },
    27.2 => { # CSe3
        Name => 'CommanderInternalManualOutput',
        Mask => 0x1f,
        ValueConv => '2 ** (-$val/3)',
        ValueConvInv => '$val > 0 ? int(-log($val)/log(2) * 3 + 0.5): 0',
        PrintConv => q{
            return 'Full' if $val > 0.99;
            Image::ExifTool::Exif::PrintExposureTime($val);
        },
        PrintConvInv => '$val=~/F/i ? 1 : Image::ExifTool::Exif::ConvertFraction($val)',
    },
    28.1 => { # CSe3
        Name => 'CommanderGroupAMode',
        Mask => 0xc0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'TTL',
            0x40 => 'Auto Aperture',
            0x80 => 'Manual',
            0xc0 => 'Off',
        },
    },
    28.2 => { # CSe3
        Name => 'CommanderGroupAManualOutput',
        Mask => 0x1f,
        ValueConv => '2 ** (-$val/3)',
        ValueConvInv => '$val > 0 ? int(-log($val)/log(2) * 3 + 0.5): 0',
        PrintConv => q{
            return 'Full' if $val > 0.99;
            Image::ExifTool::Exif::PrintExposureTime($val);
        },
        PrintConvInv => '$val=~/F/i ? 1 : Image::ExifTool::Exif::ConvertFraction($val)',
    },
    29.1 => { # CSe3
        Name => 'CommanderGroupBMode',
        Mask => 0xc0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'TTL',
            0x40 => 'Auto Aperture',
            0x80 => 'Manual',
            0xc0 => 'Off',
        },
    },
    29.2 => { # CSe3
        Name => 'CommanderGroupBManualOutput',
        Mask => 0x1f,
        ValueConv => '2 ** (-$val/3)',
        ValueConvInv => '$val > 0 ? int(-log($val)/log(2) * 3 + 0.5): 0',
        PrintConv => q{
            return 'Full' if $val > 0.99;
            Image::ExifTool::Exif::PrintExposureTime($val);
        },
        PrintConvInv => '$val=~/F/i ? 1 : Image::ExifTool::Exif::ConvertFraction($val)',
    },
    30.1 => { # CSe4
        Name => 'ModelingFlash',
        Mask => 0x20,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'On', 0x20 => 'Off' },
    },
    30.2 => { # CSe3
        Name => 'CommanderInternalTTLComp',
        Mask => 0x1f,
        ValueConv => '($val - 9) / 3',
        ValueConvInv => '$val * 3 + 9',
        PrintConv => '$val ? sprintf("%+.1f",$val) : 0',
        PrintConvInv => '$val',
    },
    31.1 => { # CSe3
        Name => 'CommanderGroupA_TTL-AAComp',
        Mask => 0x1f,
        ValueConv => '($val - 9) / 3',
        ValueConvInv => '$val * 3 + 9',
        PrintConv => '$val ? sprintf("%+.1f",$val) : 0',
        PrintConvInv => '$val',
    },
    32.1 => { # CSe3
        Name => 'CommanderGroupB_TTL-AAComp',
        Mask => 0x1f,
        ValueConv => '($val - 9) / 3',
        ValueConvInv => '$val * 3 + 9',
        PrintConv => '$val ? sprintf("%+.1f",$val) : 0',
        PrintConvInv => '$val',
    },
    # 47 - related to flash
);

# D5 custom settings (ref 1)
%Image::ExifTool::NikonCustom::SettingsD5 = (
    PROCESS_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::ProcessBinaryData,
    WRITE_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::WriteBinaryData,
    CHECK_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::CheckBinaryData,
    WRITABLE => 1,
    FIRST_ENTRY => 0,
    GROUPS => { 0 => 'MakerNotes', 2 => 'Camera' },
    NOTES => 'Custom settings for the D5.',
    0.1 => {
        Name => 'CustomSettingsBank',
        Mask => 0x03,
        PrintConv => {
            0 => 'A',
            1 => 'B',
            2 => 'C',
            3 => 'D',
        },
    },
    1.1 => { #CSa1
        Name => 'AF-CPrioritySelection',
        Mask => 0xc0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Release',
            0x40 => 'Release + Focus',
            0x80 => 'Focus',
            0xc0 => 'Focus + Release',
        },
    },
    1.2 => { # CSa6
        Name => 'NumberOfFocusPoints',
        Mask => 0x10,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '55 Points',
            0x10 => '15 Points',
        },
    },
    1.3 => { # CSa4
        Name => 'Three-DTrackingFaceDetection',
        Mask => 0x08,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Off',
            0x08 => 'On',
        },
    },
    1.4 => { # CSa2
        Name => 'AF-SPrioritySelection',
        Mask => 0x20,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Focus',
            0x20 => 'Release',
        },
    },
    1.5 => { # CSa3-a
        Name => 'BlockShotAFResponse',
        Mask => 0x07,
        #values 1-5
    },
    2.1 => { # CSa11
        Name => 'FocusPointWrap',
        Mask => 0x08,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'No Wrap',
            0x08 => 'Wrap',
        },
    },
    2.2 => { # CSa12-d
        Name => 'AFPointBrightness',
        Mask => 0x06,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Auto',
            0x02 => 'On',
            0x04 => 'Off',
        },
    },
    4.1 => { # CSd3
        Name => 'ISODisplay',
        Mask => 0x08,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Show ISO Sensitivity',
            0x08 => 'Show Frame Count',
        },
    },
    4.2 => { # CSd8
        Name => 'GridDisplay',
        Mask => 0x02,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'On', 0x02 => 'Off' },
    },
    5.1 => { # CSd9
        Name => 'LCDIllumination',
        Mask => 0x20,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'Off', 0x20 => 'On' },
    },
    5.2 => { # CSd6
        Name => 'ElectronicFront-CurtainShutter',
        Mask => 0x08,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'Off', 0x08 => 'On' },
    },
    6.1 => { # CSf7
        Name => 'ReverseIndicators',
        Mask => 0x80,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '+ 0 -',
            0x80 => '- 0 +',
        },
    },
    6.2 => { # CSf4-a
        Name => 'CommandDialsReverseRotation',
        Mask => 0x18,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'No',
            0x08 => 'Shutter Speed & Aperture',
            0x10 => 'Exposure Compensation',
            0x18 => 'Exposure Compensation, Shutter Speed & Aperture',
        },
    },
    6.3 => { # CSb4
        Name => 'EasyExposureCompensation',
        Mask => 0x03,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Off',
            0x01 => 'On',
            0x02 => 'On (auto reset)',
        },
    },
    7.1 => { # CSb2
        Name => 'ExposureControlStepSize',
        Mask => 0xc0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '1/3 EV',
            0x40 => '1/2 EV',
            0x80 => '1 EV',
        },
    },
    7.2 => { # CSb1
        Name => 'ISOStepSize',
        Mask => 0x30,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '1/3 EV',
            0x10 => '1/2 EV',
            0x20 => '1 EV',
        },
    },
    7.3 => { # CSb3
        Name => 'ExposureCompStepSize',
        Mask => 0x0c,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '1/3 EV',
            0x04 => '1/2 EV',
            0x08 => '1 EV',
        },
    },
    8.1 => { # CSb6
        Name => 'CenterWeightedAreaSize',
        Mask => 0xe0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '8 mm',
            0x20 => '12 mm',
            0x40 => '15 mm',
            0x60 => '20 mm',
            0x80 => 'Average',
        },
    },
    8.2 => { # CSb7-a
        Name => 'FineTuneOptMatrixMetering',
        Mask => 0x0f,
        ValueConv => '($val > 0x7 ? $val - 0x10 : $val) / 6',
        ValueConvInv => 'int($val*6+($val>0?0.5:-0.5)) & 0x0f',
        PrintConv => '$val ? sprintf("%+.2f", $val) : 0',
        PrintConvInv => 'Image::ExifTool::Exif::ConvertFraction($val)',
    },
    9.1 => { # CSb7-b
        Name => 'FineTuneOptCenterWeighted',
        Mask => 0xf0,
        ValueConv => '($val > 0x70 ? $val - 0x100 : $val) / 0x60',
        ValueConvInv => '(int($val*6+($val>0?0.5:-0.5))<<4) & 0xf0',
        PrintConv => '$val ? sprintf("%+.2f", $val) : 0',
        PrintConvInv => 'Image::ExifTool::Exif::ConvertFraction($val)',
    },
    9.2 => { # CSb7-c
        Name => 'FineTuneOptSpotMetering',
        Mask => 0x0f,
        ValueConv => '($val > 0x7 ? $val - 0x10 : $val) / 6',
        ValueConvInv => 'int($val*6+($val>0?0.5:-0.5)) & 0x0f',
        PrintConv => '$val ? sprintf("%+.2f", $val) : 0',
        PrintConvInv => 'Image::ExifTool::Exif::ConvertFraction($val)',
    },
    10.1 => { # CSf2-a
        Name => 'MultiSelectorShootMode',
        Mask => 0xe0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Select Center Focus Point (Reset)',
            0x20 => 'Zoom On/Off',  # this is the documented (and actual) default value, but the choice does not appear on the camera menu
            0x40 => 'Preset Focus Point (Pre)',
            0x80 => 'Not Used (None)',
        },
    },
#    10.2 => { # CSf2-b             # moved from the D500 position to Nikon_ShotInfoD5_0x0ab1 with the Mask and PrintConv as specified below.  Further research required.
#        Name => 'MultiSelectorPlaybackMode',
#        Mask => 0x70,
#        PrintConv => {
#            0x00 => 'Zoom On/Off',
#            0x01 => 'Choose Folder',
#            0x60 => 'Thumbnail On/Off',
#            0x70 => 'View Histograms',
#        },
#    },
    10.3 => { # CSf5
        Name => 'MultiSelector',
        Mask => 0x01,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Do Nothing',
            0x01 => 'Reset Meter-off Delay',
        },
    },
    11.1 => { # CSd5
        Name => 'ExposureDelayMode',
        Mask => 0xc0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Off',
            0x40 => '1 s',
            0x80 => '2 s',
            0xc0 => '3 s',
        },
    },
    11.2 => { # CSd1
        Name => 'CLModeShootingSpeed',
        Mask => 0x0f,
        PrintConv => '"$val fps"',
        PrintConvInv => '$val=~s/\s*fps//i; $val',
    },
    12.1 => { # CSd2
        Name => 'MaxContinuousRelease',
        # values: 1-100
    },
    13.1 => { # CSe7
        Name => 'AutoBracketOrder',
        Mask => 0x10,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '0,-,+',
            0x10 => '-,0,+',
        },
    },
    13.2 => { # CSe6
        Name => 'AutoBracketModeM',
        Mask => 0x0c,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Flash/Speed',
            0x04 => 'Flash/Speed/Aperture',
            0x08 => 'Flash/Aperture',
            0x0c => 'Flash Only',
        },
    },
    14.1 => { # CSf1-c
        Name => 'Func1Button',
        Mask => 0x3f,
        PrintConv => {
            0 => 'None',
            1 => 'Preview',
            2 => 'FV Lock',
            3 => 'AE/AF Lock',
            4 => 'AE Lock Only',
            5 => 'AE Lock (reset on release)',
            6 => 'AE Lock (hold)',
            7 => 'AF Lock Only',
            8 => 'AF-On',
            10 => 'Bracketing Burst',
            11 => 'Matrix Metering',
            12 => 'Center-weighted Metering',
            13 => 'Spot Metering',
            14 => 'Playback',
            15 => 'My Menu Top Item',
            16 => '+NEF(RAW)',
            17 => 'Virtual Horizon',
            19 => 'Grid Display',
            20 => 'My Menu',
            21 => 'Disable Synchronized Release',
            22 => 'Remote Release Only',
            26 => 'Flash Disable/Enable',
            27 => 'Highlight-weighted Metering',
            36 => 'AF-Area Mode (Single)',
            37 => 'AF-Area Mode (Dynamic Area 25 Points)',
            38 => 'AF-Area Mode (Dynamic Area 72 Points)',
            39 => 'AF-Area Mode (Dynamic Area 152 Points)',
            40 => 'AF-Area Mode (Group Area AF)',
            41 => 'AF-Area Mode (Auto Area AF)',
            42 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Single)',
            43 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Dynamic Area 25 Points)',
            44 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Dynamic Area 72 Points)',
            45 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Dynamic Area 152 Points)',
            46 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Group Area AF)',
            47 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Auto Area AF)',
            49 => 'Sync Release (Master Only)',
            50 => 'Sync Release (Remote Only)',
        },
    },
    15.1 => { # CSf1-a
        Name => 'PreviewButton',
        Mask => 0x3f,
        PrintConv => {
            0 => 'None',
            1 => 'Preview',
            2 => 'FV Lock',
            3 => 'AE/AF Lock',
            4 => 'AE Lock Only',
            5 => 'AE Lock (reset on release)',
            6 => 'AE Lock (hold)',
            7 => 'AF Lock Only',
            8 => 'AF-On',
            10 => 'Bracketing Burst',
            11 => 'Matrix Metering',
            12 => 'Center-weighted Metering',
            13 => 'Spot Metering',
            14 => 'Playback',
            15 => 'My Menu Top Item',
            16 => '+NEF(RAW)',
            17 => 'Virtual Horizon',
            19 => 'Grid Display',
            20 => 'My Menu',
            21 => 'Disable Synchronized Release',
            22 => 'Remote Release Only',
            26 => 'Flash Disable/Enable',
            27 => 'Highlight-weighted Metering',
            36 => 'AF-Area Mode (Single)',
            37 => 'AF-Area Mode (Dynamic Area 25 Points)',
            38 => 'AF-Area Mode (Dynamic Area 72 Points)',
            39 => 'AF-Area Mode (Dynamic Area 152 Points)',
            40 => 'AF-Area Mode (Group Area AF)',
            41 => 'AF-Area Mode (Auto Area AF)',
            42 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Single)',
            43 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Dynamic Area 25 Points)',
            44 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Dynamic Area 72 Points)',
            45 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Dynamic Area 152 Points)',
            46 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Group Area AF)',
            47 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Auto Area AF)',
            49 => 'Sync Release (Master Only)',
            50 => 'Sync Release (Remote Only)',
        },
    },
    16.1 => { # CSf1-p
        Name => 'AssignBktButton',
        Mask => 0x07,
        PrintConv => {
            0 => 'Auto Bracketing',
            1 => 'Multiple Exposure',
            2 => 'HDR (high dynamic range)',
            3 => 'None',
        },
    },
    18.1 => { # CSf4-b
        Name => 'CommandDialsChangeMainSub',
        Mask => 0xe0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Autofocus Off, Exposure Off',
            0x20 => 'Autofocus Off, Exposure On',
            0x40 => 'Autofocus Off, Exposure On (Mode A)',
            0x80 => 'Autofocus On, Exposure Off',
            0xa0 => 'Autofocus On, Exposure On',
            0xc0 => 'Autofocus On, Exposure On (Mode A)',
        },
    },
    18.2 => { # CSf4-d
        Name => 'CommandDialsMenuAndPlayback',
        Mask => 0x18,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'On',
            0x08 => 'Off',
            0x10 => 'On (Image Review Excluded)',
        },
    },
    18.3 => { # CSf4-c
        Name => 'CommandDialsApertureSetting',
        Mask => 0x04,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Sub-command Dial',
            0x04 => 'Aperture Ring',
        },
    },
    18.4 => { # CSf6
        Name => 'ReleaseButtonToUseDial',
        Mask => 0x01,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'No', 0x01 => 'Yes' },
    },
    19.1 => { # CSc2
        Name => 'StandbyTimer',
        Mask => 0xf0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '4 s',
            0x10 => '6 s',
            0x30 => '10 s',
            0x50 => '30 s',
            0x60 => '1 min',
            0x70 => '5 min',
            0x80 => '10 min',
            0x90 => '30 min',
            0xa0 => 'No Limit',
        },
    },
    20.1 => { # CSc3-a
        Name => 'SelfTimerTime',
        Mask => 0xc0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '2 s',
            0x40 => '5 s',
            0x80 => '10 s',
            0xc0 => '20 s',
        },
    },
    20.2 => { # CSc3-c
        Name => 'SelfTimerShotInterval',
        Mask => 0x30,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '0.5 s',
            0x10 => '1 s',
            0x20 => '2 s',
            0x30 => '3 s',
        },
    },
    20.3 => { # CSc3-b
        Name => 'SelfTimerShotCount',
        Mask => 0x0f,
    },
    21.1 => { # CSc4-d
        Name => 'ImageReviewMonitorOffTime',
        Mask => 0xe0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '2 s',
            0x20 => '4 s',
            0x60 => '10 s',
            0x80 => '20 s',
            0xa0 => '1 min',
            0xc0 => '5 min',
            0xe0 => '10 min',
        },
    },
    21.2 => { # CSc4-e
        Name => 'LiveViewMonitorOffTime',
        Mask => 0x1c,
        PrintConv => {
            0x04 => '5 min',
            0x08 => '10 min',
            0x0c => '15 min',
            0x10 => '20 min',
            0x14 => '30 min',
            0x18 => 'No Limit',
        },
    },
    22.1 => { # CSc4-b
        Name => 'MenuMonitorOffTime',
        Mask => 0xe0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '4 s',
            0x40 => '10 s',
            0x80 => '20 s',
            0xa0 => '1 min',
            0xc0 => '5 min',
            0xe0 => '10 min',
        },
    },
    22.2 => { # CSc4-c
        Name => 'ShootingInfoMonitorOffTime',
        Mask => 0x1c,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '4 s',
            0x08 => '10 s',
            0x10 => '20 s',
            0x14 => '1 min',
            0x18 => '5 min',
            0x1c => '10 min',
        },
    },
    23.1 => { # CSe1
        Name => 'FlashSyncSpeed',
        Mask => 0xf0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x20 => '1/250 s (auto FP)',
            0x30 => '1/250 s',
            0x50 => '1/200 s',
            0x60 => '1/160 s',
            0x70 => '1/125 s',
            0x80 => '1/100 s',
            0x90 => '1/80 s',
            0xa0 => '1/60 s',
        },
    },
    23.2 => { # CSe2
        Name => 'FlashShutterSpeed',
        Mask => 0x0f,
        PrintConvColumns => 2,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '1/60 s',
            0x01 => '1/30 s',
            0x02 => '1/15 s',
            0x03 => '1/8 s',
            0x04 => '1/4 s',
            0x05 => '1/2 s',
            0x06 => '1 s',
            0x07 => '2 s',
            0x08 => '4 s',
            0x09 => '8 s',
            0x0a => '15 s',
            0x0b => '30 s',
        },
    },
    31.1 => { # CSe5
        Name => 'ModelingFlash',
        Mask => 0x20,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'On',
            0x20 => 'Off',
        },
    },
    36.1 => { # CSc4-a
        Name => 'PlaybackMonitorOffTime',
        Mask => 0xe0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '4 s',
            0x20 => '10 s',
            0x40 => '20 s',
            0x60 => '1 min',
            0x80 => '5 min',
            0xa0 => '10 min',
        },
    },
    37.1 => { # CSf2-c
        Name => 'MultiSelectorLiveView',
        Mask => 0xc0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Reset',
            0x40 => 'Zoom',
            0xc0 => 'Not Used',
        },
    },
    38.1 => { # CSf3-a
        Name => 'ShutterSpeedLock',
        Mask => 0x80,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Off',
            0x80 => 'On',
        },
    },
    38.2 => { # CSf3-b
        Name => 'ApertureLock',
        Mask => 0x40,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Off',
            0x40 => 'On',
        },
    },
    38.3 => { # CSg1-h
        Name => 'MovieShutterButton',
        Mask => 0x10,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Take Photo',
            0x10 => 'Record Movies',
        },
    },
    38.4 => { # CSe3
        Name => 'FlashExposureCompArea',
        Mask => 0x04,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Entire Frame',
            0x04 => 'Background Only',
        },
    },
    38.5 => { # CSe4
        Name => 'AutoFlashISOSensitivity',
        Mask => 0x02,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Subject and Background',
            0x02 => 'Subject Only',
        },
    },
    41.1 => { # CSg1-c
        Name => 'MovieFunc1Button',
        Mask => 0xf0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'None',
            0x20 => 'Power Aperture (close)',
            0x30 => 'Index Marking',
            0x40 => 'View Photo Shooting Info',
            0xb0 => 'Exposure Compensation -',
        },
    },
    41.2 => { # CSg1-a
        Name => 'MoviePreviewButton',
        Mask => 0x0f,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'None',
            0x01 => 'Power Aperture (open)',
            0x03 => 'Index Marking',
            0x04 => 'View Photo Shooting Info',
            0x0a => 'Exposure Compensation +',
        },
    },
    42.1 => { # CSf1-d
        Name => 'Func1ButtonPlusDials',
        Mask => 0x0f,
        PrintConv => {
            0 => 'None',
            1 => 'Choose Image Area',
            2 => 'Shutter Speed & Aperture Lock',
            3 => 'One Step Speed / Aperture',
            4 => 'Choose Non-CPU Lens Number',
            5 => 'Active D-Lighting',
            7 => 'Photo Shooting Menu Bank',
            8 => 'Exposure Delay Mode',
        },
    },
    43.1 => { # CSf1-b
        Name => 'PreviewButtonPlusDials',
        Mask => 0x0f,
        PrintConv => {
            0 => 'None',
            1 => 'Choose Image Area',
            2 => 'Shutter Speed & Aperture Lock',
            3 => 'One Step Speed / Aperture',
            4 => 'Choose Non-CPU Lens Number',
            5 => 'Active D-Lighting',
            7 => 'Photo Shooting Menu Bank',    # new with D500
            8 => 'Exposure Delay Mode',
        },
    },
    45.1 => { # CSf1-q
        Name => 'AssignMovieRecordButtonPlusDials',
        Mask => 0x0f,
        PrintConv => {
            0 => 'None',
            1 => 'Choose Image Area',
            2 => 'Shutter Speed & Aperture Lock',
            7 => 'Photo Shooting Menu Bank',
            11 => 'Exposure Mode',
        },
    },
    46.1 => { # CSb7-d
        Name => 'FineTuneOptHighlightWeighted',
        Mask => 0x0f,
        ValueConv => '($val > 0x7 ? $val - 0x10 : $val) / 6',
        ValueConvInv => 'int($val*6+($val>0?0.5:-0.5)) & 0x0f',
        PrintConv => '$val ? sprintf("%+.2f", $val) : 0',
        PrintConvInv => 'Image::ExifTool::Exif::ConvertFraction($val)',
    },
    47.1 => { # CSa12-b
        Name => 'DynamicAreaAFDisplay',
        Mask => 0x80,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Off',
            0x80 => 'On',
        },
    },
    47.2 => { # CSa12-a
        Name => 'AFPointIllumination',
        Mask => 0x40,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Off',
            0x40 => 'On During Manual Focusing',
        },
    },
    47.3 => { # CSa7
        Name => 'StoreByOrientation',
        Mask => 0x18,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Off',
            0x08 => 'Focus Point',
            0x10 => 'Focus Point and AF-area Mode',
        },
    },
    48.1 => { # CSb5
        Name => 'MatrixMetering',
        Mask => 0x80,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Face Detection On',
            0x80 => 'Face Detection Off',
        },
    },
    48.2 => { # CSf8
        Name => 'LiveViewButtonOptions',
        Mask => 0x30,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Enable',
            0x10 => 'Enable (Standby Timer Active)',    # new with D500
            0x20 => 'Disable',
        },
    },
    48.3 => { # CSa10
        Name => 'AFModeRestrictions',
        Mask => 0x03,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'No Restrictions',
            0x01 => 'AF-C',
            0x02 => 'AF-S',
        },
    },
    49.1 => { # CSa9
        Name => 'LimitAFAreaModeSelection',
        Mask => 0x7e,
        PrintConv => {
            0 => 'No Restrictions',
            BITMASK => {
                1 => 'Auto-area',
                2 => 'Group-area',
                3 => '3D-tracking',
                4 => 'Dynamic area (153 points)',
                5 => 'Dynamic area (72 points)',
                6 => 'Dynamic area (25 points)',
            },
        },
    },
    52.1 => { # CSf1-r
        Name => 'LensFocusFunctionButtons',
        Mask => 0x3f,
        PrintConv => {
            3 => 'AE/AF Lock',
            4 => 'AE Lock Only',
            7 => 'AF Lock Only',
            8 => 'AF-On',
            24 => 'Preset Focus Point',
            26 => 'Flash Disable/Enable',
            36 => 'AF-Area Mode (Single)',
            37 => 'AF-Area Mode (Dynamic Area 25 Points)',
            38 => 'AF-Area Mode (Dynamic Area 72 Points)',
            39 => 'AF-Area Mode (Dynamic Area 152 Points)',
            40 => 'AF-Area Mode (Group Area AF)',
            41 => 'AF-Area Mode (Auto Area AF)',
            42 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Single)',
            43 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Dynamic Area 25 Points)',
            44 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Dynamic Area 72 Points)',
            45 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Dynamic Area 152 Points)',
            46 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Group Area AF)',
            47 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Auto Area AF)',
            49 => 'Sync Release (Master Only)',
            50 => 'Sync Release (Remote Only)',
        },
    },
    66.1 => { # CSf1-o
        Name => 'VerticalMultiSelector',
        Mask => 0xff,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Same as Multi-Selector with Info(U/D) & Playback(R/L)',
            0x08 => 'Same as Multi-Selector with Info(R/L) & Playback(U/D)',
            0x80 => 'Focus Point Selection',
        },
    },
    67.1 => { # CSf1-g
        Name => 'VerticalFuncButton',
        Mask => 0x3f,
        PrintConv => {
            0 => 'None',
            1 => 'Preview',
            2 => 'FV Lock',
            3 => 'AE/AF Lock',
            4 => 'AE Lock Only',
            5 => 'AE Lock (reset on release)',
            6 => 'AE Lock (hold)',
            7 => 'AF Lock Only',
            8 => 'AF-On',
            10 => 'Bracketing Burst',
            11 => 'Matrix Metering',
            12 => 'Center-weighted Metering',
            13 => 'Spot Metering',
            14 => 'Playback',
            15 => 'My Menu Top Item',
            16 => '+NEF(RAW)',
            17 => 'Virtual Horizon',
            18 => 'Reset Focus Point',
            19 => 'Grid Display',
            20 => 'My Menu',
            22 => 'Remote Release Only',
            23 => 'Preset Focus Point',
            26 => 'Flash Disable/Enable',
            27 => 'Highlight-weighted Metering',
            36 => 'AF-Area Mode (Single)',
            37 => 'AF-Area Mode (Dynamic Area 25 Points)',
            38 => 'AF-Area Mode (Dynamic Area 72 Points)',
            39 => 'AF-Area Mode (Dynamic Area 152 Points)',
            40 => 'AF-Area Mode (Group Area AF)',
            41 => 'AF-Area Mode (Auto Area AF)',
            42 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Single)',
            43 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Dynamic Area 25 Points)',
            44 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Dynamic Area 72 Points)',
            45 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Dynamic Area 152 Points)',
            46 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Group Area AF)',
            47 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Auto Area AF)',
            49 => 'Sync Release (Master Only)',
            50 => 'Sync Release (Remote Only)',
            54 => 'Highlight Active Focus Point',
        },
    },
    68.1 => { # CSf1-h
        Name => 'VerticalFuncPlusDials',
        Mask => 0x0f,
        PrintConv => {
            0 => 'None',
            1 => 'Choose Image Area',
            2 => 'Shutter Speed & Aperture Lock',
            3 => 'One Step Speed / Aperture',
            4 => 'Choose Non-CPU Lens Number',
            5 => 'Active D-Lighting',
            7 => 'Photo Shooting Menu Bank',
            8 => 'Exposure Delay Mode',
            10 => 'ISO Sensitivity',
            11 => 'Exposure Mode',
            12 => 'Exposure Compensation',
            13 => 'Metering',
        },
    },
    70.1 => { # CSf1-j
        Name => 'AF-OnButton',
        Mask => 0x3f,
        PrintConv => {
            0 => 'None',
            3 => 'AE/AF Lock',
            4 => 'AE Lock Only',
            5 => 'AE Lock (reset on release)',
            6 => 'AE Lock (hold)',
            7 => 'AF Lock Only',
            8 => 'AF-On',
            36 => 'AF-Area Mode (Single)',
            37 => 'AF-Area Mode (Dynamic Area 25 Points)',
            38 => 'AF-Area Mode (Dynamic Area 72 Points)',
            39 => 'AF-Area Mode (Dynamic Area 152 Points)',
            40 => 'AF-Area Mode (Group Area AF)',
            41 => 'AF-Area Mode (Auto Area AF)',
            42 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Single)',
            43 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Dynamic Area 25 Points)',
            44 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Dynamic Area 72 Points)',
            45 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Dynamic Area 152 Points)',
            46 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Group Area AF)',
            47 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Auto Area AF)',
        },
    },
    71.1 => { # CSf1-k
        Name => 'SubSelector',
        Mask => 0x80,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Focus Point Selection',
            0x80 => 'Same as MultiSelector',
        },
    },
    72.1 => { # CSf1-l
        Name => 'SubSelectorCenter',
        Mask => 0x3f,
        PrintConv => {
            0 => 'None',
            1 => 'Preview',
            2 => 'FV Lock',
            3 => 'AE/AF Lock',
            4 => 'AE Lock Only',
            5 => 'AE Lock (reset on release)',
            6 => 'AE Lock (hold)',
            7 => 'AF Lock Only',
            8 => 'AF-On',
            10 => 'Bracketing Burst',
            11 => 'Matrix Metering',
            12 => 'Center-weighted Metering',
            13 => 'Spot Metering',
            14 => 'Playback',
            15 => 'My Menu Top Item',
            16 => '+NEF(RAW)',
            17 => 'Virtual Horizon',
            18 => 'Reset Focus Point',
            19 => 'Grid Display',
            20 => 'My Menu',
            22 => 'Remote Release Only',
            23 => 'Preset Focus Point',
            26 => 'Flash Disable/Enable',
            27 => 'Highlight-weighted Metering',
            36 => 'AF-Area Mode (Single)',
            37 => 'AF-Area Mode (Dynamic Area 25 Points)',
            38 => 'AF-Area Mode (Dynamic Area 72 Points)',
            39 => 'AF-Area Mode (Dynamic Area 152 Points)',
            40 => 'AF-Area Mode (Group Area AF)',
            41 => 'AF-Area Mode (Auto Area AF)',
            42 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Single)',
            43 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Dynamic Area 25 Points)',
            44 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Dynamic Area 72 Points)',
            45 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Dynamic Area 152 Points)',
            46 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Group Area AF)',
            47 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Auto Area AF)',
            49 => 'Sync Release (Master Only)',
            50 => 'Sync Release (Remote Only)',
            54 => 'Highlight Active Focus Point',
        },
    },
    73.1 => { # CSf1-m
        Name => 'SubSelectorPlusDials',
        Mask => 0x0f,
        PrintConv => {
            0 => 'None',
            1 => 'Choose Image Area',
            2 => 'Shutter Speed & Aperture Lock',
            4 => 'Choose Non-CPU Lens Number',
            7 => 'Photo Shooting Menu Bank',
        },
    },
    74.1 => { # CSg1-f
        Name => 'AssignMovieSubselector',
        Mask => 0xf0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'None',
            0x30 => 'Index Marking',
            0x40 => 'View Photo Shooting Info',
            0x50 => 'AE/AF Lock',
            0x60 => 'AE Lock (Only)',
            0x70 => 'AE Lock (Hold)',
            0x80 => 'AF Lock (Only)',
        },
    },
    75.1 => { # CSg1-d
        Name => 'AssignMovieFunc1ButtonPlusDials',
        Mask => 0x10,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00  => 'None',
            0x10  => 'Choose Image Area',
        },
    },
    75.2 => { # CSg1-b
        Name => 'AssignMoviePreviewButtonPlusDials',
        Mask => 0x01,
        PrintConv => {
            0 => 'None',
            1 => 'Choose Image Area (DX/1.3x)',
        },
    },
    76.1 => { # CSg1-g
        Name => 'AssignMovieSubselectorPlusDials',
        Mask => 0x10,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00  => 'None',
            0x10  => 'Choose Image Area',
        },
    },
    77.1 => { # CSd4
        Name => 'SyncReleaseMode',              # new with D500
        Mask => 0x80,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'No Sync',
            0x80 => 'Sync',
        },
    },
    78.1 => { # CSa5
        Name => 'Three-DTrackingWatchArea',     # new with D500
        Mask => 0x80,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Wide',
            0x80 => 'Normal',
        },
    },
    78.2 => { # CSa3-b
        Name => 'SubjectMotion',
        Mask => 0x60,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Steady',
            0x20 => 'Middle',
            0x40 => 'Erratic',
        },
    },
    78.3 => { # CSa8
        Name => 'AFActivation',
        Mask => 0x08,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Shutter/AF-On',
            0x08 => 'AF-On Only',
        },
    },
    78.4 => { # CSc1
        Name => 'ShutterReleaseButtonAE-L',
        Mask => 0x03,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Off',
            0x01 => 'On (Half Press)',
            0x02 => 'On (Burst Mode)'
        },
    },
    79.1 => { # CSf1-n
        Name => 'VerticalAFOnButton',
        Mask => 0x7f,
        PrintConv => {
            0 => 'None',
            3 => 'AE/AF Lock',
            4 => 'AE Lock Only',
            5 => 'AE Lock (reset on release)',
            6 => 'AE Lock (hold)',
            7 => 'AF Lock Only',
            8 => 'AF-On',
            36 => 'AF-Area Mode (Single)',
            37 => 'AF-Area Mode (Dynamic Area 25 Points)',
            38 => 'AF-Area Mode (Dynamic Area 72 Points)',
            39 => 'AF-Area Mode (Dynamic Area 152 Points)',
            40 => 'AF-Area Mode (Group Area AF)',
            41 => 'AF-Area Mode (Auto Area AF)',
            42 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Single)',
            43 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Dynamic Area 25 Points)',
            44 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Dynamic Area 72 Points)',
            45 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Dynamic Area 152 Points)',
            46 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Group Area AF)',
            47 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Auto Area AF)',
            100 => 'Same as AF-On',
        },
    },
    80.1 => { # CSf1-e
        Name => 'Func2Button',
        Mask => 0x3f,
        PrintConv => {
            0 => 'None',
            1 => 'Preview',
            2 => 'FV Lock',
            3 => 'AE/AF Lock',
            4 => 'AE Lock Only',
            5 => 'AE Lock (reset on release)',
            6 => 'AE Lock (hold)',
            7 => 'AF Lock Only',
            8 => 'AF-On',
            10 => 'Bracketing Burst',
            11 => 'Matrix Metering',
            12 => 'Center-weighted Metering',
            13 => 'Spot Metering',
            14 => 'Playback',
            15 => 'My Menu Top Item',
            16 => '+NEF(RAW)',
            17 => 'Virtual Horizon',
            19 => 'Grid Display',
            20 => 'My Menu',
            21 => 'Disable Synchronized Release',
            22 => 'Remote Release Only',
            26 => 'Flash Disable/Enable',
            27 => 'Highlight-weighted Metering',
            36 => 'AF-Area Mode (Single)',
            37 => 'AF-Area Mode (Dynamic Area 25 Points)',
            38 => 'AF-Area Mode (Dynamic Area 72 Points)',
            39 => 'AF-Area Mode (Dynamic Area 152 Points)',
            40 => 'AF-Area Mode (Group Area AF)',
            41 => 'AF-Area Mode (Auto Area AF)',
            42 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Single)',
            43 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Dynamic Area 25 Points)',
            44 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Dynamic Area 72 Points)',
            45 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Dynamic Area 152 Points)',
            46 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Group Area AF)',
            47 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Auto Area AF)',
            49 => 'Sync Release (Master Only)',
            50 => 'Sync Release (Remote Only)',
        },
    },
    81.1 => { # CSf1-f
        Name => 'Func2ButtonPlusDials',
        Mask => 0x0f,
        PrintConv => {
            0 => 'None',
            1 => 'Choose Image Area',
            2 => 'Shutter Speed & Aperture Lock',
            3 => 'One Step Speed / Aperture',
            4 => 'Choose Non-CPU Lens Number',
            5 => 'Active D-Lighting',
            7 => 'Photo Shooting Menu Bank',
            8 => 'Exposure Delay Mode',
        },
    },
    82.1 => { # CSg1-e
        Name => 'AssignMovieFunc2Button',
        Mask => 0x70,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'None',
            0x30 => 'Index Marking',
            0x40 => 'View Photo Shooting Info',
        },
    },
    83.1 => { # CSf1-i
        Name => 'Func3Button',
        Mask => 0x03,
        PrintConv => {
            0 => 'None',
            1 => 'Voice Memo',
            2 => 'Rating',
            3 => 'Connect To Network',
        },
    },
);

# D500 custom settings (ref 1)
%Image::ExifTool::NikonCustom::SettingsD500 = (
    PROCESS_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::ProcessBinaryData,
    WRITE_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::WriteBinaryData,
    CHECK_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::CheckBinaryData,
    WRITABLE => 1,
    FIRST_ENTRY => 0,
    GROUPS => { 0 => 'MakerNotes', 2 => 'Camera' },
    NOTES => 'Custom settings for the D500.',
    0.1 => {
        Name => 'CustomSettingsBank',
        Mask => 0x03,
        PrintConv => {
            0 => 'A',
            1 => 'B',
            2 => 'C',
            3 => 'D',
        },
    },
    1.1 => { #CSa1
        Name => 'AF-CPrioritySelection',
        Mask => 0xc0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Release',
            0x40 => 'Release + Focus',
            0x80 => 'Focus',
            0xc0 => 'Focus + Release',
        },
    },
    1.2 => { # CSa6
        Name => 'NumberOfFocusPoints',
        Mask => 0x10,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '55 Points',
            0x10 => '15 Points',
        },
    },
    1.3 => { # CSa4
        Name => 'Three-DTrackingFaceDetection',
        Mask => 0x08,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Off',
            0x08 => 'On',
        },
    },
    1.4 => { # CSa2
        Name => 'AF-SPrioritySelection',
        Mask => 0x20,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Focus',
            0x20 => 'Release',
        },
    },
    1.5 => { # CSa3-a
        Name => 'BlockShotAFResponse',
        Mask => 0x07,
        #values 1-5
    },
    2.1 => { # CSa11
        Name => 'FocusPointWrap',
        Mask => 0x08,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'No Wrap',
            0x08 => 'Wrap',
        },
    },
    2.2 => { # CSa12-c
        Name => 'AFPointBrightness',
        Mask => 0x06,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Auto',
            0x02 => 'On',
            0x04 => 'Off',
        },
    },
    4.1 => { # CSd3
        Name => 'ISODisplay',
        Mask => 0x08,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Show ISO Sensitivity',
            0x08 => 'Show Frame Count',
        },
    },
    4.2 => { # CSd8
        Name => 'GridDisplay',
        Mask => 0x02,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'On', 0x02 => 'Off' },
    },
    5.1 => { # CSd9
        Name => 'LCDIllumination',
        Mask => 0x20,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'Off', 0x20 => 'On' },
    },
    5.2 => { # CSd6
        Name => 'ElectronicFront-CurtainShutter',
        Mask => 0x08,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'Off', 0x08 => 'On' },
    },
    6.1 => { # CSf7
        Name => 'ReverseIndicators',
        Mask => 0x80,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '+ 0 -',
            0x80 => '- 0 +',
        },
    },
    6.2 => { # CSf4-a
        Name => 'CommandDialsReverseRotation',
        Mask => 0x18,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'No',
            0x08 => 'Shutter Speed & Aperture',
            0x10 => 'Exposure Compensation',
            0x18 => 'Exposure Compensation, Shutter Speed & Aperture',
        },
    },
    6.3 => { # CSb4
        Name => 'EasyExposureCompensation',
        Mask => 0x03,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Off',
            0x01 => 'On',
            0x02 => 'On (auto reset)',
        },
    },
    7.1 => { # CSb2
        Name => 'ExposureControlStepSize',
        Mask => 0xc0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '1/3 EV',
            0x40 => '1/2 EV',
            0x80 => '1 EV',
        },
    },
    7.2 => { # CSb1
        Name => 'ISOStepSize',
        Mask => 0x30,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '1/3 EV',
            0x10 => '1/2 EV',
            0x20 => '1 EV',
        },
    },
    7.3 => { # CSb3
        Name => 'ExposureCompStepSize',
        Mask => 0x0c,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '1/3 EV',
            0x04 => '1/2 EV',
            0x08 => '1 EV',
        },
    },
    8.1 => { # CSb6
        Name => 'CenterWeightedAreaSize',
        Mask => 0xe0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '6 mm',
            0x20 => '8 mm',
            0x40 => '10 mm',
            0x60 => '13 mm',
            0x80 => 'Average',
        },
    },
    8.2 => { # CSb7-a
        Name => 'FineTuneOptMatrixMetering',
        Mask => 0x0f,
        ValueConv => '($val > 0x7 ? $val - 0x10 : $val) / 6',
        ValueConvInv => 'int($val*6+($val>0?0.5:-0.5)) & 0x0f',
        PrintConv => '$val ? sprintf("%+.2f", $val) : 0',
        PrintConvInv => 'Image::ExifTool::Exif::ConvertFraction($val)',
    },
    9.1 => { # CSb7-b
        Name => 'FineTuneOptCenterWeighted',
        Mask => 0xf0,
        ValueConv => '($val > 0x70 ? $val - 0x100 : $val) / 0x60',
        ValueConvInv => '(int($val*6+($val>0?0.5:-0.5))<<4) & 0xf0',
        PrintConv => '$val ? sprintf("%+.2f", $val) : 0',
        PrintConvInv => 'Image::ExifTool::Exif::ConvertFraction($val)',
    },
    9.2 => { # CSb7-c
        Name => 'FineTuneOptSpotMetering',
        Mask => 0x0f,
        ValueConv => '($val > 0x7 ? $val - 0x10 : $val) / 6',
        ValueConvInv => 'int($val*6+($val>0?0.5:-0.5)) & 0x0f',
        PrintConv => '$val ? sprintf("%+.2f", $val) : 0',
        PrintConvInv => 'Image::ExifTool::Exif::ConvertFraction($val)',
    },
    10.1 => { # CSf2-a
        Name => 'MultiSelectorShootMode',
        Mask => 0xe0,                       #same offset and settings as D810 but with a different decoding
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Select Center Focus Point (Reset)',
            0x40 => 'Preset Focus Point (Pre)',
            0x60 => 'Highlight Active Focus Point',
            0x80 => 'Not Used (None)',
        },
    },
    10.2 => { # CSf2-b                      #same offset and settings as D810 but with a different decoding
        Name => 'MultiSelectorPlaybackMode',
        Mask => 0x0c,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Thumbnail On/Off',
            0x04 => 'View Histograms',
            0x08 => 'Zoom On/Off',
            0x0c => 'Choose Folder',
        },
    },
    10.3 => { # CSf5
        Name => 'MultiSelector',
        Mask => 0x01,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Do Nothing',
            0x01 => 'Reset Meter-off Delay',
        },
    },
    11.1 => { # CSd5
        Name => 'ExposureDelayMode',
        Mask => 0xc0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Off',
            0x40 => '1 s',
            0x80 => '2 s',
            0xc0 => '3 s',
        },
    },
    11.2 => { # CSd1
        Name => 'CLModeShootingSpeed',
        Mask => 0x0f,
        PrintConv => '"$val fps"',
        PrintConvInv => '$val=~s/\s*fps//i; $val',
    },
    12.1 => { # CSd2
        Name => 'MaxContinuousRelease',
        # values: 1-100
    },
    13.1 => { # CSe7
        Name => 'AutoBracketOrder',
        Mask => 0x10,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '0,-,+',
            0x10 => '-,0,+',
        },
    },
    13.2 => { # CSe6
        Name => 'AutoBracketModeM',
        Mask => 0x0c,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Flash/Speed',
            0x04 => 'Flash/Speed/Aperture',
            0x08 => 'Flash/Aperture',
            0x0c => 'Flash Only',
        },
    },
    14.1 => { # CSf1-c
        Name => 'Func1Button',
        Mask => 0x3f,
        PrintConv => {
            0 => 'None',
            1 => 'Preview',
            2 => 'FV Lock',
            3 => 'AE/AF Lock',
            4 => 'AE Lock Only',
            5 => 'AE Lock (reset on release)',
            6 => 'AE Lock (hold)',
            7 => 'AF Lock Only',
            8 => 'AF-On',
            10 => 'Bracketing Burst',
            11 => 'Matrix Metering',
            12 => 'Center-weighted Metering',
            13 => 'Spot Metering',
            14 => 'Playback',
            15 => 'My Menu Top Item',
            16 => '+NEF(RAW)',
            17 => 'Virtual Horizon',
            19 => 'Grid Display',
            20 => 'My Menu',
            22 => 'Remote Release Only',
            26 => 'Flash Disable/Enable',
            27 => 'Highlight-weighted Metering',
            36 => 'AF-Area Mode (Single)',
            37 => 'AF-Area Mode (Dynamic Area 25 Points)',
            38 => 'AF-Area Mode (Dynamic Area 72 Points)',
            39 => 'AF-Area Mode (Dynamic Area 152 Points)',
            40 => 'AF-Area Mode (Group Area AF)',
            41 => 'AF-Area Mode (Auto Area AF)',
            42 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Single)',
            43 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Dynamic Area 25 Points)',
            44 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Dynamic Area 72 Points)',
            45 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Dynamic Area 152 Points)',
            46 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Group Area AF)',
            47 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Auto Area AF)',
            49 => 'Sync Release (Master Only)',
            50 => 'Sync Release (Remote Only)',
        },
    },
    15.1 => { # CSf1-a
        Name => 'PreviewButton',
        Mask => 0x3f,
        PrintConv => {
            0 => 'None',
            1 => 'Preview',
            2 => 'FV Lock',
            3 => 'AE/AF Lock',
            4 => 'AE Lock Only',
            5 => 'AE Lock (reset on release)',
            6 => 'AE Lock (hold)',
            7 => 'AF Lock Only',
            8 => 'AF-On',
            10 => 'Bracketing Burst',
            11 => 'Matrix Metering',
            12 => 'Center-weighted Metering',
            13 => 'Spot Metering',
            14 => 'Playback',
            15 => 'My Menu Top Item',
            16 => '+NEF(RAW)',
            17 => 'Virtual Horizon',
            19 => 'Grid Display',
            20 => 'My Menu',
#           21 => 'Disable Synchronized Release',   # removed with D500
            22 => 'Remote Release Only',
            26 => 'Flash Disable/Enable',
            27 => 'Highlight-weighted Metering',
            36 => 'AF-Area Mode (Single)',                         # new with D500
            37 => 'AF-Area Mode (Dynamic Area 25 Points)',         # new with D500
            38 => 'AF-Area Mode (Dynamic Area 72 Points)',         # new with D500
            39 => 'AF-Area Mode (Dynamic Area 152 Points)',        # new with D500
            40 => 'AF-Area Mode (Group Area AF)',                  # new with D500
            41 => 'AF-Area Mode (Auto Area AF)',                   # new with D500
            42 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Single)',                 # new with D500
            43 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Dynamic Area 25 Points)', # new with D500
            44 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Dynamic Area 72 Points)', # new with D500
            45 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Dynamic Area 152 Points)',# new with D500
            46 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Group Area AF)',          # new with D500
            47 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Auto Area AF)',           # new with D500
            49 => 'Sync Release (Master Only)',                    # new with D500
            50 => 'Sync Release (Remote Only)',                    # new with D500
        },
    },
    16.1 => { # CSf1-j
        Name => 'AssignBktButton',
        Mask => 0x07,
        PrintConv => {
            0 => 'Auto Bracketing',
            1 => 'Multiple Exposure',
            2 => 'HDR (high dynamic range)',
            3 => 'None',
        },
    },
    18.1 => { # CSf4-b
        Name => 'CommandDialsChangeMainSub',
        Mask => 0xe0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Autofocus Off, Exposure Off',
            0x20 => 'Autofocus Off, Exposure On',
            0x40 => 'Autofocus Off, Exposure On (Mode A)',
            0x80 => 'Autofocus On, Exposure Off',
            0xa0 => 'Autofocus On, Exposure On',
            0xc0 => 'Autofocus On, Exposure On (Mode A)',
        },
    },
    18.2 => { # CSf4-d
        Name => 'CommandDialsMenuAndPlayback',
        Mask => 0x18,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'On',
            0x08 => 'Off',
            0x10 => 'On (Image Review Excluded)',
        },
    },
    18.3 => { # CSf4-c
        Name => 'CommandDialsApertureSetting',
        Mask => 0x04,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Sub-command Dial',
            0x04 => 'Aperture Ring',
        },
    },
    18.4 => { # CSf6
        Name => 'ReleaseButtonToUseDial',
        Mask => 0x01,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'No', 0x01 => 'Yes' },
    },
    19.1 => { # CSc2
        Name => 'StandbyTimer',
        Mask => 0xf0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '4 s',
            0x10 => '6 s',
            0x30 => '10 s',
            0x50 => '30 s',
            0x60 => '1 min',
            0x70 => '5 min',
            0x80 => '10 min',
            0x90 => '30 min',
            0xa0 => 'No Limit',
        },
    },
    20.1 => { # CSc3-a
        Name => 'SelfTimerTime',
        Mask => 0xc0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '2 s',
            0x40 => '5 s',
            0x80 => '10 s',
            0xc0 => '20 s',
        },
    },
    20.2 => { # CSc3-c
        Name => 'SelfTimerShotInterval',
        Mask => 0x30,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '0.5 s',
            0x10 => '1 s',
            0x20 => '2 s',
            0x30 => '3 s',
        },
    },
    20.3 => { # CSc3-b
        Name => 'SelfTimerShotCount',
        Mask => 0x0f,
    },
    21.1 => { # CSc4-d
        Name => 'ImageReviewMonitorOffTime',
        Mask => 0xe0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '2 s',
            0x20 => '4 s',
            0x60 => '10 s',
            0x80 => '20 s',
            0xa0 => '1 min',
            0xc0 => '5 min',
            0xe0 => '10 min',
        },
    },
    21.2 => { # CSc4-e
        Name => 'LiveViewMonitorOffTime',
        Mask => 0x1c,
        PrintConv => {
            0x04 => '5 min',
            0x08 => '10 min',
            0x0c => '15 min',
            0x10 => '20 min',
            0x14 => '30 min',
            0x18 => 'No Limit',
        },
    },
    22.1 => { # CSc4-b
        Name => 'MenuMonitorOffTime',
        Mask => 0xe0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '4 s',
            0x40 => '10 s',
            0x80 => '20 s',
            0xa0 => '1 min',
            0xc0 => '5 min',
            0xe0 => '10 min',
        },
    },
    22.2 => { # CSc4-c
        Name => 'ShootingInfoMonitorOffTime',
        Mask => 0x1c,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '4 s',
            0x08 => '10 s',
            0x10 => '20 s',
            0x14 => '1 min',
            0x18 => '5 min',
            0x1c => '10 min',
        },
    },
    23.1 => { # CSe1
        Name => 'FlashSyncSpeed',
        Mask => 0xf0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x20 => '1/250 s (auto FP)',
            0x30 => '1/250 s',
            0x50 => '1/200 s',
            0x60 => '1/160 s',
            0x70 => '1/125 s',
            0x80 => '1/100 s',
            0x90 => '1/80 s',
            0xa0 => '1/60 s',
        },
    },
    23.2 => { # CSe2
        Name => 'FlashShutterSpeed',
        Mask => 0x0f,
        PrintConvColumns => 2,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '1/60 s',
            0x01 => '1/30 s',
            0x02 => '1/15 s',
            0x03 => '1/8 s',
            0x04 => '1/4 s',
            0x05 => '1/2 s',
            0x06 => '1 s',
            0x07 => '2 s',
            0x08 => '4 s',
            0x09 => '8 s',
            0x0a => '15 s',
            0x0b => '30 s',
        },
    },
    31.1 => { # CSe5
        Name => 'ModelingFlash',
        Mask => 0x20,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'On',
            0x20 => 'Off',
        },
    },
    36.1 => { # CSc4-a
        Name => 'PlaybackMonitorOffTime',
        Mask => 0xe0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '4 s',
            0x20 => '10 s',
            0x40 => '20 s',
            0x60 => '1 min',
            0x80 => '5 min',
            0xa0 => '10 min',
        },
    },
    37.1 => { # CSf2-c
        Name => 'MultiSelectorLiveView',
        Mask => 0xc0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Reset',
            0x40 => 'Zoom',
            0xc0 => 'Not Used',
        },
    },
    38.1 => { # CSf3-a
        Name => 'ShutterSpeedLock',
        Mask => 0x80,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Off',
            0x80 => 'On',
        },
    },
    38.2 => { # CSf3-b
        Name => 'ApertureLock',
        Mask => 0x40,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Off',
            0x40 => 'On',
        },
    },
    38.3 => { # CSg1-h
        Name => 'MovieShutterButton',
        Mask => 0x10,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Take Photo',
            0x10 => 'Record Movies',
        },
    },
    38.4 => { # CSe3
        Name => 'FlashExposureCompArea',
        Mask => 0x04,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Entire Frame',
            0x04 => 'Background Only',
        },
    },
    38.5 => { # CSe4
        Name => 'AutoFlashISOSensitivity',
        Mask => 0x02,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Subject and Background',
            0x02 => 'Subject Only',
        },
    },
    41.1 => { # CSg1-c
        Name => 'MovieFunc1Button',
        Mask => 0xf0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'None',
            0x20 => 'Power Aperture (close)',
            0x30 => 'Index Marking',
            0x40 => 'View Photo Shooting Info',
            0xb0 => 'Exposure Compensation -',
        },
    },
    41.2 => { # CSg1-a
        Name => 'MoviePreviewButton',
        Mask => 0x0f,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'None',
            0x01 => 'Power Aperture (open)',
            0x03 => 'Index Marking',
            0x04 => 'View Photo Shooting Info',
            0x0a => 'Exposure Compensation +',
        },
    },
    42.1 => { # CSf1-d
        Name => 'Func1ButtonPlusDials',
        Mask => 0x0f,
        PrintConv => {
            0 => 'None',
            1 => 'Choose Image Area (DX/1.3x)',
            2 => 'Shutter Speed & Aperture Lock',
            3 => 'One Step Speed / Aperture',
            4 => 'Choose Non-CPU Lens Number',
            5 => 'Active D-Lighting',
            7 => 'Photo Shooting Menu Bank',
            8 => 'Exposure Delay Mode',
        },
    },
    43.1 => { # CSf1-b
        Name => 'PreviewButtonPlusDials',
        Mask => 0x0f,
        PrintConv => {
            0 => 'None',
            1 => 'Choose Image Area (DX/1.3x)',
            2 => 'Shutter Speed & Aperture Lock',
            3 => 'One Step Speed / Aperture',
            4 => 'Choose Non-CPU Lens Number',
            5 => 'Active D-Lighting',
            7 => 'Photo Shooting Menu Bank',    # new with D500
            8 => 'Exposure Delay Mode',
        },
    },
    45.1 => { # CSf1-k
        Name => 'AssignMovieRecordButtonPlusDials',
        Mask => 0x0f,
        PrintConv => {
            0 => 'None',
            1 => 'Choose Image Area (DX/1.3x)',
            2 => 'Shutter Speed & Aperture Lock',
            7 => 'Photo Shooting Menu Bank',
            11 => 'Exposure Mode',
        },
    },
    46.1 => { # CSb7-d
        Name => 'FineTuneOptHighlightWeighted',
        Mask => 0x0f,
        ValueConv => '($val > 0x7 ? $val - 0x10 : $val) / 6',
        ValueConvInv => 'int($val*6+($val>0?0.5:-0.5)) & 0x0f',
        PrintConv => '$val ? sprintf("%+.2f", $val) : 0',
        PrintConvInv => 'Image::ExifTool::Exif::ConvertFraction($val)',
    },
    47.1 => { # CSa12-b
        Name => 'DynamicAreaAFDisplay',
        Mask => 0x80,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Off',
            0x80 => 'On',
        },
    },
    47.2 => { # CSa12-a
        Name => 'AFPointIllumination',
        Mask => 0x40,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Off',
            0x40 => 'On During Manual Focusing',
        },
    },
    47.3 => { # CSa7
        Name => 'StoreByOrientation',
        Mask => 0x18,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Off',
            0x08 => 'Focus Point',
            0x10 => 'Focus Point and AF-area Mode',
        },
    },
    47.4 => { # CSa12-c
        Name => 'GroupAreaAFIllumination',
        Mask => 0x04,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Squares',
            0x04 => 'Dots',
        },
    },
    48.1 => { # CSb5
        Name => 'MatrixMetering',
        Mask => 0x80,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Face Detection On',
            0x80 => 'Face Detection Off',
        },
    },
    48.2 => { # CSf8
        Name => 'LiveViewButtonOptions',
        Mask => 0x30,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Enable',
            0x10 => 'Enable (Standby Timer Active)',    # new with D500
            0x20 => 'Disable',
        },
    },
    48.3 => { # CSa10
        Name => 'AFModeRestrictions',
        Mask => 0x03,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'No Restrictions',
            0x01 => 'AF-C',
            0x02 => 'AF-S',
        },
    },
    49.1 => { # CSa9
        Name => 'LimitAFAreaModeSelection',
        Mask => 0x7e,
        PrintConv => {
            0 => 'No Restrictions',
            BITMASK => {
                1 => 'Auto-area',
                2 => 'Group-area',
                3 => '3D-tracking',
                4 => 'Dynamic area (153 points)',
                5 => 'Dynamic area (72 points)',
                6 => 'Dynamic area (25 points)',
            },
        },
    },
    52.1 => { # CSf1-l
        Name => 'LensFocusFunctionButtons',
        Mask => 0x3f,
        PrintConv => {
            3 => 'AE/AF Lock',
            4 => 'AE Lock Only',
            7 => 'AF Lock Only',
            8 => 'AF-On',
            24 => 'Preset Focus Point',
            26 => 'Flash Disable/Enable',
            36 => 'AF-Area Mode (Single)',
            37 => 'AF-Area Mode (Dynamic Area 25 Points)',
            38 => 'AF-Area Mode (Dynamic Area 72 Points)',
            39 => 'AF-Area Mode (Dynamic Area 152 Points)',
            40 => 'AF-Area Mode (Group Area AF)',
            41 => 'AF-Area Mode (Auto Area AF)',
            42 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Single)',
            43 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Dynamic Area 25 Points)',
            44 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Dynamic Area 72 Points)',
            45 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Dynamic Area 152 Points)',
            46 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Group Area AF)',
            47 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Auto Area AF)',
            49 => 'Sync Release (Master Only)',
            50 => 'Sync Release (Remote Only)',
        },
    },
    66.1 => { # CSf10-d
        Name => 'VerticalMultiSelector',
        Mask => 0xff,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Same as Multi-Selector with Info(U/D) & Playback(R/L)',
            0x08 => 'Same as Multi-Selector with Info(R/L) & Playback(U/D)',
            0x80 => 'Focus Point Selection',
        },
    },
    67.1 => { # CSf10-a
        Name => 'AssignMB-D17FuncButton',
        Mask => 0x3f,
        PrintConv => {
            0 => 'None',
            1 => 'Preview',
            2 => 'FV Lock',
            3 => 'AE/AF Lock',
            4 => 'AE Lock Only',
            5 => 'AE Lock (reset on release)',
            6 => 'AE Lock (hold)',
            7 => 'AF Lock Only',
            8 => 'AF-On',
            10 => 'Bracketing Burst',
            11 => 'Matrix Metering',
            12 => 'Center-weighted Metering',
            13 => 'Spot Metering',
            14 => 'Playback',
            15 => 'My Menu Top Item',
            16 => '+NEF(RAW)',
            17 => 'Virtual Horizon',
            18 => 'Reset Focus Point',
            19 => 'Grid Display',
            20 => 'My Menu',
            22 => 'Remote Release Only',
            23 => 'Preset Focus Point',
            26 => 'Flash Disable/Enable',
            27 => 'Highlight-weighted Metering',
            36 => 'AF-Area Mode (Single)',
            37 => 'AF-Area Mode (Dynamic Area 25 Points)',
            38 => 'AF-Area Mode (Dynamic Area 72 Points)',
            39 => 'AF-Area Mode (Dynamic Area 152 Points)',
            40 => 'AF-Area Mode (Group Area AF)',
            41 => 'AF-Area Mode (Auto Area AF)',
            42 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Single)',
            43 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Dynamic Area 25 Points)',
            44 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Dynamic Area 72 Points)',
            45 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Dynamic Area 152 Points)',
            46 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Group Area AF)',
            47 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Auto Area AF)',
            49 => 'Sync Release (Master Only)',
            50 => 'Sync Release (Remote Only)',
            54 => 'Highlight Active Focus Point',
        },
    },
    68.1 => { # CSf10-b
        Name => 'AssignMB-D17FuncButtonPlusDials',
        Mask => 0x0f,
        PrintConv => {
            0 => 'None',
            1 => 'Choose Image Area (DX/1.3x)',
            2 => 'Shutter Speed & Aperture Lock',
            3 => 'One Step Speed / Aperture',
            4 => 'Choose Non-CPU Lens Number',
            5 => 'Active D-Lighting',
            7 => 'Photo Shooting Menu Bank',
            8 => 'Exposure Delay Mode',
            10 => 'ISO Sensitivity',
            11 => 'Exposure Mode',
            12 => 'Exposure Compensation',
            13 => 'Metering Mode',
        },
    },
    70.1 => { # CSf1-f
        Name => 'AF-OnButton',
        Mask => 0x3f,
        PrintConv => {
            0 => 'None',
            3 => 'AE/AF Lock',
            4 => 'AE Lock Only',
            5 => 'AE Lock (reset on release)',
            6 => 'AE Lock (hold)',
            7 => 'AF Lock Only',
            8 => 'AF-On',
            36 => 'AF-Area Mode (Single)',
            37 => 'AF-Area Mode (Dynamic Area 25 Points)',
            38 => 'AF-Area Mode (Dynamic Area 72 Points)',
            39 => 'AF-Area Mode (Dynamic Area 152 Points)',
            40 => 'AF-Area Mode (Group Area AF)',
            41 => 'AF-Area Mode (Auto Area AF)',
            42 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Single)',
            43 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Dynamic Area 25 Points)',
            44 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Dynamic Area 72 Points)',
            45 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Dynamic Area 152 Points)',
            46 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Group Area AF)',
            47 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Auto Area AF)',
        },
    },
    71.1 => { # CSf1-g
        Name => 'SubSelector',
        Mask => 0x80,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Focus Point Selection',
            0x80 => 'Same as MultiSelector',
        },
    },
    72.1 => { # CSf1-h
        Name => 'SubSelectorCenter',
        Mask => 0x3f,
        PrintConv => {
            0 => 'None',
            1 => 'Preview',
            2 => 'FV Lock',
            3 => 'AE/AF Lock',
            4 => 'AE Lock Only',
            5 => 'AE Lock (reset on release)',
            6 => 'AE Lock (hold)',
            7 => 'AF Lock Only',
            8 => 'AF-On',
            10 => 'Bracketing Burst',
            11 => 'Matrix Metering',
            12 => 'Center-weighted Metering',
            13 => 'Spot Metering',
            14 => 'Playback',
            15 => 'My Menu Top Item',
            16 => '+NEF(RAW)',
            17 => 'Virtual Horizon',
            18 => 'Reset Focus Point',
            19 => 'Grid Display',
            20 => 'My Menu',
            22 => 'Remote Release Only',
            23 => 'Preset Focus Point',
            26 => 'Flash Disable/Enable',
            27 => 'Highlight-weighted Metering',
            36 => 'AF-Area Mode (Single)',
            37 => 'AF-Area Mode (Dynamic Area 25 Points)',
            38 => 'AF-Area Mode (Dynamic Area 72 Points)',
            39 => 'AF-Area Mode (Dynamic Area 152 Points)',
            40 => 'AF-Area Mode (Group Area AF)',
            41 => 'AF-Area Mode (Auto Area AF)',
            42 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Single)',
            43 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Dynamic Area 25 Points)',
            44 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Dynamic Area 72 Points)',
            45 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Dynamic Area 152 Points)',
            46 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Group Area AF)',
            47 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Auto Area AF)',
            49 => 'Sync Release (Master Only)',
            50 => 'Sync Release (Remote Only)',
            54 => 'Highlight Active Focus Point',
        },
    },
    73.1 => { # CSf1-i
        Name => 'SubSelectorPlusDials',
        Mask => 0x0f,
        PrintConv => {
            0 => 'None',
            1 => 'Choose Image Area (DX/1.3x)',
            2 => 'Shutter Speed & Aperture Lock',
            4 => 'Choose Non-CPU Lens Number',
            7 => 'Photo Shooting Menu Bank',
        },
    },
    74.1 => { # CSg1-f
        Name => 'AssignMovieSubselector',
        Mask => 0xf0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'None',
            0x30 => 'Index Marking',
            0x40 => 'View Photo Shooting Info',
            0x50 => 'AE/AF Lock',
            0x60 => 'AE Lock (Only)',
            0x70 => 'AE Lock (Hold)',
            0x80 => 'AF Lock (Only)',
        },
    },
    75.1 => { # CSg1-d
        Name => 'AssignMovieFunc1ButtonPlusDials',
        Mask => 0x10,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00  => 'None',
            0x10  => 'Choose Image Area (DX/1.3x)',
        },
    },
    75.2 => { # CSg1-b
        Name => 'AssignMoviePreviewButtonPlusDials',
        Mask => 0x01,
        PrintConv => {
            0 => 'None',
            1 => 'Choose Image Area (DX/1.3x)',
        },
    },
    76.1 => { # CSg1-g
        Name => 'AssignMovieSubselectorPlusDials',
        Mask => 0x10,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00  => 'None',
            0x10  => 'Choose Image Area (DX/1.3x)',
        },
    },
    77.1 => { # CSd4
        Name => 'SyncReleaseMode',          # new with D500
        Mask => 0x80,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'No Sync',
            0x80 => 'Sync',
        },
    },
    78.1 => { # CSa5
        Name => 'Three-DTrackingWatchArea', # new with D500
        Mask => 0x80,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Wide',
            0x80 => 'Normal',
        },
    },
    78.2 => { # CSa3-b
        Name => 'SubjectMotion',
        Mask => 0x60,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Steady',
            0x20 => 'Middle',
            0x40 => 'Erratic',
        },
    },
    78.3 => { # CSa8
        Name => 'AFActivation',
        Mask => 0x08,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Shutter/AF-On',
            0x08 => 'AF-On Only',
        },
    },
    78.4 => { # CSc1
        Name => 'ShutterReleaseButtonAE-L',
        Mask => 0x03,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Off',
            0x01 => 'On (Half Press)',
            0x02 => 'On (Burst Mode)'
        },
    },
    79.1 => { # CSf10-c
        Name => 'AssignMB-D17AF-OnButton',
        Mask => 0x7f,
        PrintConv => {
            0 => 'None',
            3 => 'AE/AF Lock',
            4 => 'AE Lock Only',
            5 => 'AE Lock (reset on release)',
            6 => 'AE Lock (hold)',
            7 => 'AF Lock Only',
            8 => 'AF-On',
            36 => 'AF-Area Mode (Single)',
            37 => 'AF-Area Mode (Dynamic Area 25 Points)',
            38 => 'AF-Area Mode (Dynamic Area 72 Points)',
            39 => 'AF-Area Mode (Dynamic Area 152 Points)',
            40 => 'AF-Area Mode (Group Area AF)',
            41 => 'AF-Area Mode (Auto Area AF)',
            42 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Single)',
            43 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Dynamic Area 25 Points)',
            44 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Dynamic Area 72 Points)',
            45 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Dynamic Area 152 Points)',
            46 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Group Area AF)',
            47 => 'AF-Area Mode + AF-On (Auto Area AF)',
            100 => 'Same as Camera AF-On Button',
        },
    },
    80.1 => { # CSf1-e
        Name => 'Func2Button',
        Mask => 0x3f,
        PrintConv => {
            0 => 'None',
            15 => 'My Menu Top Item',
            20 => 'My Menu',
            55 => 'Rating',
        },
    },
    82.1 => { # CSg1-e
        Name => 'AssignMovieFunc2Button',
        Mask => 0x70,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'None',
            0x30 => 'Index Marking',
            0x40 => 'View Photo Shooting Info',
        },
    },
);

# D610 custom settings (ref forum6942)
%Image::ExifTool::NikonCustom::SettingsD610 = (
    PROCESS_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::ProcessBinaryData,
    WRITE_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::WriteBinaryData,
    CHECK_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::CheckBinaryData,
    WRITABLE => 1,
    FIRST_ENTRY => 0,
    GROUPS => { 0 => 'MakerNotes', 2 => 'Camera' },
    NOTES => 'Custom settings for the D610.',
    0.1 => { #CSa1
        Name => 'AF-CPrioritySelection',
        Mask => 0x80,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Release',
            0x80 => 'Focus',
        },
    },
    0.2 => { #CSa2
        Name => 'AF-SPrioritySelection',
        Mask => 0x20,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Release',
            0x20 => 'Focus',
        },
    },
    0.3 => { # CSa6
        Name => 'NumberOfFocusPoints',
        Mask => 0x10,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '39 Points',
            0x10 => '11 Points',
        },
    },
    0.4 => { # CSa3
        Name => 'FocusTrackingLockOn',
        Mask => 0x07,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Off',
            0x01 => '1 Short',
            0x02 => '2',
            0x03 => '3 Normal',
            0x04 => '4',
            0x05 => '5 Long',
        },
    },
    1.1 => { # CSa5
        Name => 'FocusPointWrap',
        Mask => 0x08,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'No Wrap',
            0x08 => 'Wrap',
        },
    },
    1.2 => { # CSa4
        Name => 'AFPointIllumination',
        Mask => 0x06,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Auto',
            0x02 => 'On',
            0x04 => 'Off',
        },
    },
    1.3 => { # CSa7
        Name => 'AFAssist',
        Mask => 0x01,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'On', 0x01 => 'Off' },
    },
    5.1 => { # CSb3
        Name => 'EasyExposureCompensation',
        Mask => 0x03,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Off',
            0x01 => 'On',
            0x02 => 'On Auto Reset',
        },
    },
    6.1 => { # CSb2
        Name => 'ExposureControlStep',
        Mask => 0x40,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '1/3 EV',
            0x40 => '1/2 EV',
        },
    },
    6.2 => { # CSb1
        Name => 'ISOSensitivityStep',
        Mask => 0x10,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '1/3 EV',
            0x10 => '1/2 EV',
        },
    },
    7.1 => { # CSb4
        Name => 'CenterWeightedAreaSize',
        Mask => 0xe0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '8 mm',
            0x20 => '12 mm',
            0x40 => '15 mm',
            0x60 => '20 mm',
            0x80 => 'Average',
        },
    },
    7.2 => { # CSb5-a
        Name => 'FineTuneOptMatrixMetering',
        Mask => 0x0f,
        ValueConv => '($val > 0x7 ? $val - 0x10 : $val) / 6',
        ValueConvInv => 'int($val*6+($val>0?0.5:-0.5)) & 0x0f',
        PrintConv => '$val ? sprintf("%+.2f", $val) : 0',
        PrintConvInv => 'Image::ExifTool::Exif::ConvertFraction($val)',
    },
    8.1 => { # CSb5-b
        Name => 'FineTuneOptCenterWeighted',
        Mask => 0xf0,
        ValueConv => '($val > 0x70 ? $val - 0x100 : $val) / 0x60',
        ValueConvInv => '(int($val*6+($val>0?0.5:-0.5))<<4) & 0xf0',
        PrintConv => '$val ? sprintf("%+.2f", $val) : 0',
        PrintConvInv => 'Image::ExifTool::Exif::ConvertFraction($val)',
    },
    8.2 => { # CSb5-c
        Name => 'FineTuneOptSpotMetering',
        Mask => 0x0f,
        ValueConv => '($val > 0x7 ? $val - 0x10 : $val) / 6',
        ValueConvInv => 'int($val*6+($val>0?0.5:-0.5)) & 0x0f',
        PrintConv => '$val ? sprintf("%+.2f", $val) : 0',
        PrintConvInv => 'Image::ExifTool::Exif::ConvertFraction($val)',
    },
    17.1 => { # CSc1
        Name => 'ShutterReleaseButtonAE-L',
        Mask => 0x02,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'Off', 0x02 => 'On' },
    },
    18.1 => { # CSc2
        Name => 'StandbyTimer',
        Mask => 0xf0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '4 s',
            0x10 => '6 s',
            0x20 => '10 s',
            0x30 => '30 s',
            0x40 => '1 min',
            0x50 => '5 min',
            0x60 => '10 min',
            0x70 => '30 min',
            0x80 => 'No Limit',
        },
    },
    18.2 => { # CSc5
        Name => 'RemoteOnDuration',
        Mask => 0x03,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '1 min',
            0x01 => '5 min',
            0x02 => '10 min',
            0x03 => '20 min',
        },
    },
    19.1 => { # CSc3-a
        Name => 'SelfTimerTime',
        Mask => 0xc0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '2 s',
            0x40 => '5 s',
            0x80 => '10 s',
            0xc0 => '20 s',
        },
    },
    19.2 => { # CSc3-c
        Name => 'SelfTimerShotInterval',
        Mask => 0x30,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '0.5 s',
            0x10 => '1 s',
            0x20 => '2 s',
            0x30 => '3 s',
        },
    },
    19.3 => { # CSc3-b
        Name => 'SelfTimerShotCount',
        Mask => 0x0f,
    },
    20.1 => { # CSc4-d
        Name => 'ImageReviewMonitorOffTime',
        Mask => 0xe0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '2 s',
            0x20 => '4 s',
            0x40 => '10 s',
            0x60 => '20 s',
            0x80 => '1 min',
            0xa0 => '5 min',
            0xc0 => '10 min',
        },
    },
    20.2 => { # CSc4-e
        Name => 'LiveViewMonitorOffTime',
        Mask => 0x1c,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '5 min',
            0x04 => '10 min',
            0x08 => '15 min',
            0x0c => '20 min',
            0x10 => '30 min',
            0x14 => 'No Limit',
        },
    },
    21.1 => { # CSc4-b
        Name => 'MenuMonitorOffTime',
        Mask => 0xe0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '4 s',
            0x20 => '10 s',
            0x40 => '20 s', # default
            0x60 => '1 min',
            0x80 => '5 min',
            0xa0 => '10 min',
        },
    },
    21.2 => { # CSc4-c
        Name => 'ShootingInfoMonitorOffTime',
        Mask => 0x1c,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '4 s',
            0x04 => '10 s', # default
            0x08 => '20 s',
            0x0c => '1 min',
            0x10 => '5 min',
            0x14 => '10 min',
        },
    },
    35.1 => { # CSc4-a
        Name => 'PlaybackMonitorOffTime',
        Mask => 0xe0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '4 s',
            0x20 => '10 s',
            0x40 => '20 s',
            0x60 => '1 min',
            0x80 => '5 min',
            0xa0 => '10 min',
        },
    },
);

# D810 custom settings (ref 1)
%Image::ExifTool::NikonCustom::SettingsD810 = (
    PROCESS_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::ProcessBinaryData,
    WRITE_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::WriteBinaryData,
    CHECK_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::CheckBinaryData,
    WRITABLE => 1,
    FIRST_ENTRY => 0,
    DATAMEMBER => [ 24.1 ],
    GROUPS => { 0 => 'MakerNotes', 2 => 'Camera' },
    NOTES => 'Custom settings for the D810.',
    0.1 => { # CSf1
        Name => 'LightSwitch',
        Mask => 0x08,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'LCD Backlight',
            0x08 => 'LCD Backlight and Shooting Information',
        },
    },
    0.2 => {
        Name => 'CustomSettingsBank',
        Mask => 0x03,
        PrintConv => {
            0 => 'A',
            1 => 'B',
            2 => 'C',
            3 => 'D',
        },
    },
    1.1 => { #CSa1
        Name => 'AF-CPrioritySelection',
        Mask => 0xc0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Release',
            0x40 => 'Release + Focus',
            0x80 => 'Focus',
        },
    },
    1.2 => { # CSa2
        Name => 'AF-SPrioritySelection',
        Mask => 0x20,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Focus',
            0x20 => 'Release',
        },
    },
    1.3 => { # CSa7
        Name => 'AFPointSelection',
        Mask => 0x10,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '51 Points',
            0x10 => '11 Points',
        },
    },
    1.4 => { # CSa3
        Name => 'FocusTrackingLockOn',
        Mask => 0x07,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Off',
            0x01 => '1 (Short)',
            0x02 => '2',
            0x03 => '3 (Normal)',
            0x04 => '4',
            0x05 => '5 (Long)',
        },
    },
    2.1 => { # CSa4
        Name => 'AFActivation',
        Mask => 0x80,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Shutter/AF-On',
            0x80 => 'AF-On Only',
        },
    },
    2.2 => { # CSa7
        Name => 'FocusPointWrap',
        Mask => 0x08,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'No Wrap',
            0x08 => 'Wrap',
        },
    },
    2.3 => { # CSa6
        Name => 'AFPointBrightness',
        Mask => 0x06,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Auto',
            0x02 => 'On',
            0x04 => 'Off',
        },
    },
    2.4 => { # CSa10
        Name => 'AFAssist',
        Mask => 0x01,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'On',
            0x01 => 'Off',
        },
    },
    3.1 => { # CSd13
        Name => 'BatteryOrder',
        Mask => 0x40,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'MB-D12 First',
            0x40 => 'Camera Battery First',
        },
    },
    3.2 => { # CSd12
        Name => 'MB-D12BatteryType',
        Mask => 0x03,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'LR6 (AA alkaline)',
            0x01 => 'HR6 (AA Ni-MH)',
            0x02 => 'FR6 (AA lithium)',
        },
    },
    4.1 => { # CSd1-b
        Name => 'Pitch',
        Mask => 0x40,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'High', 0x40 => 'Low' },
    },
    4.2 => { # CSf11
        Name => 'NoMemoryCard',
        Mask => 0x20,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Release Locked',
            0x20 => 'Enable Release',
        },
    },
    4.3 => { # CSd8
        Name => 'ISODisplay',
        Mask => 0x0c,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Show ISO/Easy ISO',
            0x04 => 'Show ISO Sensitivity',
            0x0c => 'Show Frame Count',
        },
    },
    4.4 => { # CSd7
        Name => 'GridDisplay',
        Mask => 0x02,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'On', 0x02 => 'Off' },
    },
    5.1 => { # CSd10
        Name => 'ShootingInfoDisplay',
        Mask => 0xc0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Not Set', # observed on a new camera prior to applying a setting for the first time
            0x40 => 'Auto',
            0x80 => 'Manual (dark on light)',
            0xc0 => 'Manual (light on dark)',
        },
    },
    5.2 => { # CSd11
        Name => 'LCDIllumination',
        Mask => 0x20,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'Off', 0x20 => 'On' },
    },
    5.3 => { # CSd5
        Name => 'ElectronicFront-CurtainShutter',
        Mask => 0x08,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'Off', 0x08 => 'On' },
    },
    5.4 => { # CSd9
        Name => 'ScreenTips',
        Mask => 0x04,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'Off', 0x04 => 'On' },
    },
    5.5 => { # CSd1-a
        Name => 'Beep',
        Mask => 0x03,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Off',
            0x01 => 'Low',
            0x02 => 'Medium',
            0x03 => 'High',
        },
    },
    6.1 => { # CSf12
        Name => 'ReverseIndicators',
        Mask => 0x80,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '+ 0 -',
            0x80 => '- 0 +',
        },
    },
    6.2 => { # CSf9-a
        Name => 'CommandDialsReverseRotation',
        Mask => 0x18,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'No',
            0x08 => 'Shutter Speed & Aperture',
            0x10 => 'Exposure Compensation',
            0x18 => 'Exposure Compensation, Shutter Speed & Aperture',
        },
    },
    6.3 => { # CSb4
        Name => 'EasyExposureCompensation',
        Mask => 0x03,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Off',
            0x01 => 'On',
            0x02 => 'On (auto reset)',
        },
    },
    7.1 => { # CSb2
        Name => 'ExposureControlStepSize',
        Mask => 0xc0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '1/3 EV',
            0x40 => '1/2 EV',
            0x80 => '1 EV',
        },
    },
    7.2 => { # CSb1
        Name => 'ISOStepSize',
        Mask => 0x30,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '1/3 EV',
            0x10 => '1/2 EV',
            0x20 => '1 EV',
        },
    },
    7.3 => { # CSb3
        Name => 'ExposureCompStepSize',
        Mask => 0x0c,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '1/3 EV',
            0x04 => '1/2 EV',
            0x08 => '1 EV',
        },
    },
    8.1 => { # CSb6
        Name => 'CenterWeightedAreaSize',
        Mask => 0xe0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '8 mm',
            0x20 => '12 mm',
            0x40 => '15 mm',
            0x60 => '20 mm',
            0x80 => 'Average',
        },
    },
    8.2 => { # CSb7-a
        Name => 'FineTuneOptMatrixMetering',
        Mask => 0x0f,
        ValueConv => '($val > 0x7 ? $val - 0x10 : $val) / 6',
        ValueConvInv => 'int($val*6+($val>0?0.5:-0.5)) & 0x0f',
        PrintConv => '$val ? sprintf("%+.2f", $val) : 0',
        PrintConvInv => 'Image::ExifTool::Exif::ConvertFraction($val)',
    },
    9.1 => { # CSb7-b
        Name => 'FineTuneOptCenterWeighted',
        Mask => 0xf0,
        ValueConv => '($val > 0x70 ? $val - 0x100 : $val) / 0x60',
        ValueConvInv => '(int($val*6+($val>0?0.5:-0.5))<<4) & 0xf0',
        PrintConv => '$val ? sprintf("%+.2f", $val) : 0',
        PrintConvInv => 'Image::ExifTool::Exif::ConvertFraction($val)',
    },
    9.2 => { # CSb7-c
        Name => 'FineTuneOptSpotMetering',
        Mask => 0x0f,
        ValueConv => '($val > 0x7 ? $val - 0x10 : $val) / 6',
        ValueConvInv => 'int($val*6+($val>0?0.5:-0.5)) & 0x0f',
        PrintConv => '$val ? sprintf("%+.2f", $val) : 0',
        PrintConvInv => 'Image::ExifTool::Exif::ConvertFraction($val)',
    },
    10.1 => { # CSf2-a
        Name => 'MultiSelectorShootMode',
        Mask => 0xc0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Select Center Focus Point (Reset)',
            0x40 => 'Highlight Active Focus Point',
            0x80 => 'Preset Focus Point (Pre)',
            0xc0 => 'Not Used (None)',
        },
    },
    10.2 => { # CSf2-b
        Name => 'MultiSelectorPlaybackMode',
        Mask => 0x30,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Thumbnail On/Off',
            0x10 => 'View Histograms',
            0x20 => 'Zoom On/Off',
            0x30 => 'Choose Folder',
        },
    },
    10.3 => { # CSf3
        Name => 'MultiSelector',
        Mask => 0x01,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Do Nothing',
            0x01 => 'Reset Meter-off Delay',
        },
    },
    11.1 => { # CSd4
        Name => 'ExposureDelayMode',
        Mask => 0xc0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Off',
            0x40 => '1 s',
            0x80 => '2 s',
            0xc0 => '3 s',
        },
    },
    11.2 => { # CSd2
        Name => 'CLModeShootingSpeed',
        Mask => 0x0f,
        PrintConv => '"$val fps"',
        PrintConvInv => '$val=~s/\s*fps//i; $val',
    },
    12.1 => { # CSd3
        Name => 'MaxContinuousRelease',
        # values: 1-100
    },
    13.1 => { # CSe6
        Name => 'AutoBracketSet',
        Mask => 0xe0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'AE & Flash',
            0x20 => 'AE Only',
            0x40 => 'Flash Only',
            0x60 => 'WB Bracketing',
            0x80 => 'Active D-Lighting',
        },
    },
    13.2 => { # CSe8
        Name => 'AutoBracketOrder',
        Mask => 0x10,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '0,-,+',
            0x10 => '-,0,+',
        },
    },
    13.3 => { # CSe7
        Name => 'AutoBracketModeM',
        Mask => 0x0c,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Flash/Speed',
            0x04 => 'Flash/Speed/Aperture',
            0x08 => 'Flash/Aperture',
            0x0c => 'Flash Only',
        },
    },
    14.1 => { # CSf4-a
        Name => 'FuncButton',
        Mask => 0x1f,
        PrintConv => {
            0 => 'None',
            1 => 'Preview',
            2 => 'FV Lock',
            3 => 'AE/AF Lock',
            4 => 'AE Lock Only',
            5 => 'AE Lock (reset on release)',
            6 => 'AE Lock (hold)',
            7 => 'AF Lock Only',
            8 => 'AF-On',
            10 => 'Bracketing Burst',
            11 => 'Matrix Metering',
            12 => 'Center-weighted Metering',
            13 => 'Spot Metering',
            14 => 'Playback',
            15 => 'My Menu Top Item',
            16 => '+NEF(RAW)',
            17 => 'Virtual Horizon',
            19 => 'Grid Display', # values 19 and 20 are swapped from the D4s encodings
            20 => 'My Menu',
            21 => 'Disable Synchronized Release',
            22 => 'Remote Release Only',
            26 => 'Flash Disable/Enable',
            27 => 'Highlight-weighted Metering',    # new value with D810
        },
    },
    15.1 => { # CSf5-a
        Name => 'PreviewButton',
        Mask => 0x1f,
        PrintConv => {
            0 => 'None',
            1 => 'Preview',
            2 => 'FV Lock',
            3 => 'AE/AF Lock',
            4 => 'AE Lock Only',
            5 => 'AE Lock (reset on release)',
            6 => 'AE Lock (hold)',
            7 => 'AF Lock Only',
            8 => 'AF-On',
            10 => 'Bracketing Burst',
            11 => 'Matrix Metering',
            12 => 'Center-weighted Metering',
            13 => 'Spot Metering',
            14 => 'Playback',
            15 => 'My Menu Top Item',
            16 => '+NEF(RAW)',
            17 => 'Virtual Horizon',
            19 => 'Grid Display', # values 19 and 20 are swapped from the D4s encodings
            20 => 'My Menu',
            21 => 'Disable Synchronized Release',
            22 => 'Remote Release Only',
            26 => 'Flash Disable/Enable',
            27 => 'Highlight-weighted Metering',        # new value with D810
        },
    },
    16.1 => { # CSf8
        Name => 'AssignBktButton',
        Mask => 0x07,
        PrintConv => {
            0 => 'Auto Bracketing',
            1 => 'Multiple Exposure',
            2 => 'HDR (high dynamic range)',
            3 => 'None',
        },
    },
    17.1 => { # CSf6-a
        Name => 'AELockButton',
        Mask => 0x1f,
        PrintConv => {
            0 => 'None',
            1 => 'Preview',
            2 => 'FV Lock',
            3 => 'AE/AF Lock',
            4 => 'AE Lock Only',
            5 => 'AE Lock (reset on release)',
            6 => 'AE Lock (hold)',
            7 => 'AF Lock Only',
            8 => 'AF-On',
            10 => 'Bracketing Burst',
            11 => 'Matrix Metering',
            12 => 'Center-weighted Metering',
            13 => 'Spot Metering',
            14 => 'Playback',
            15 => 'My Menu Top Item',
            16 => '+NEF(RAW)',
            17 => 'Virtual Horizon',
            19 => 'Grid Display', # values 19 and 20 are swapped from the D4s encodings
            20 => 'My Menu',
            21 => 'Disable Synchronized Release',
            22 => 'Remote Release Only',
            26 => 'Flash Disable/Enable',
            27 => 'Highlight-weighted Metering',        # new value with D810
        },
    },
    18.1 => { # CSf9-b
        Name => 'CommandDialsChangeMainSub',
        Mask => 0xe0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Autofocus Off, Exposure Off',
            0x20 => 'Autofocus Off, Exposure On',
            0x40 => 'Autofocus Off, Exposure On (Mode A)',
            0x80 => 'Autofocus On, Exposure Off',
            0xa0 => 'Autofocus On, Exposure On',
            0xc0 => 'Autofocus On, Exposure On (Mode A)',
        },
    },
    18.2 => { # CSf9-d
        Name => 'CommandDialsMenuAndPlayback',
        Mask => 0x18,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'On',
            0x08 => 'Off',
            0x10 => 'On (Image Review Excluded)',
        },
    },
    18.3 => { # CSf9-c
        Name => 'CommandDialsApertureSetting',
        Mask => 0x04,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Sub-command Dial',
            0x04 => 'Aperture Ring',
        },
    },
    18.4 => { # CSc1
        Name => 'ShutterReleaseButtonAE-L',
        Mask => 0x02,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'Off', 0x02 => 'On' },
    },
    18.5 => { # CSf10
        Name => 'ReleaseButtonToUseDial',
        Mask => 0x01,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'No', 0x01 => 'Yes' },
    },
    19.1 => { # CSc2
        Name => 'StandbyTimer',
        Mask => 0xf0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '4 s',
            0x10 => '6 s',
            0x30 => '10 s',
            0x50 => '30 s',
            0x60 => '1 min',
            0x70 => '5 min',
            0x80 => '10 min',
            0x90 => '30 min',
            0xa0 => 'No Limit', #1
        },
    },
    20.1 => { # CSc3-a
        Name => 'SelfTimerTime',
        Mask => 0xc0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '2 s',
            0x40 => '5 s',
            0x80 => '10 s',
            0xc0 => '20 s',
        },
    },
    20.2 => { # CSc3-c
        Name => 'SelfTimerShotInterval',
        Mask => 0x30,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '0.5 s',
            0x10 => '1 s',
            0x20 => '2 s',
            0x30 => '3 s',
        },
    },
    20.3 => { # CSc3-b
        Name => 'SelfTimerShotCount',
        Mask => 0x0f,
    },
    21.1 => { # CSc4-d
        Name => 'ImageReviewMonitorOffTime',  # note: decode changed from D4s
        Mask => 0xe0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '2 s',
            0x20 => '4 s',
            0x60 => '10 s',
            0x80 => '20 s',
            0xa0 => '1 min',
            0xc0 => '5 min',
            0xe0 => '10 min',
        },
    },
    21.2 => { # CSc4-e                        # note: decode changed from D4s
        Name => 'LiveViewMonitorOffTime',
        Mask => 0x1c,
        PrintConv => {
            0x04 => '5 min',
            0x08 => '10 min',
            0x0c => '15 min',
            0x10 => '20 min',
            0x14 => '30 min',
            0x18 => 'No Limit',
        },
    },
    22.1 => { # CSc4-b                        # note: decode changed from D4s
        Name => 'MenuMonitorOffTime',
        Mask => 0xe0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '4 s',
            0x40 => '10 s',
            0x80 => '20 s',
            0xa0 => '1 min',
            0xc0 => '5 min',
            0xe0 => '10 min',
        },
    },
    22.2 => { # CSc4-c                        # note: decode changed from D4s
        Name => 'ShootingInfoMonitorOffTime',
        Mask => 0x1c,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '4 s',
            0x08 => '10 s',
            0x10 => '20 s',
            0x14 => '1 min',
            0x18 => '5 min',
            0x1c => '10 min',
        },
    },
    23.1 => { # CSe1
        Name => 'FlashSyncSpeed',
        Mask => 0xf0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '1/320 s (auto FP)',
            0x20 => '1/250 s (auto FP)',
            0x30 => '1/250 s',
            0x50 => '1/200 s',
            0x60 => '1/160 s',
            0x70 => '1/125 s',
            0x80 => '1/100 s',
            0x90 => '1/80 s',
            0xa0 => '1/60 s',
        },
    },
    23.2 => { # CSe2
        Name => 'FlashShutterSpeed',
        Mask => 0x0f,
        PrintConvColumns => 2,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '1/60 s',
            0x01 => '1/30 s',
            0x02 => '1/15 s',
            0x03 => '1/8 s',
            0x04 => '1/4 s',
            0x05 => '1/2 s',
            0x06 => '1 s',
            0x07 => '2 s',
            0x08 => '4 s',
            0x09 => '8 s',
            0x0a => '15 s',
            0x0b => '30 s',
        },
    },
    24.1 => { # CSe3
        Name => 'FlashControlBuilt-in',
        Mask => 0xc0,
        RawConv => '$$self{FlashControlBuiltin} = $val',
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'TTL',
            0x40 => 'Manual',
            0x80 => 'Repeating Flash',
            0xc0 => 'Commander Mode',
        },
    },
    31.1 => { # CSe5
        Name => 'ModelingFlash',
        Mask => 0x20,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'On',
            0x20 => 'Off',
        },
    },
    36.1 => { # CSc4-a
        Name => 'PlaybackMonitorOffTime',
        Mask => 0xe0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '4 s',
            0x20 => '10 s',
            0x40 => '20 s',
            0x60 => '1 min',
            0x80 => '5 min',
            0xa0 => '10 min',
        },
    },
    37.1 => { # CSf2-c
        Name => 'MultiSelectorLiveView',
        Mask => 0xc0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Reset',
            0x40 => 'Zoom',
            0xc0 => 'Not Used',
        },
    },
    38.1 => { # CSf7-a
        Name => 'ShutterSpeedLock',
        Mask => 0x80,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Off',
            0x80 => 'On',
        },
    },
    38.2 => { # CSf7-b
        Name => 'ApertureLock',
        Mask => 0x40,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Off',
            0x40 => 'On',
        },
    },
    38.3 => { # CSg4
        Name => 'MovieShutterButton',
        Mask => 0x20,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Take Photo',
            0x20 => 'Record Movies',
        },
    },
    38.4 => { # CSe4
        Name => 'FlashExposureCompArea',
        Mask => 0x04,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Entire frame',
            0x04 => 'Background only',
        },
    },
    40.1 => { # CSg3
        Name => 'MovieAELockButtonAssignment',
        Mask => 0x0f,
        PrintConv => {
            0 => 'None',
            3 => 'Index Marking',
            4 => 'View Photo Shooting Info',
            5 => 'AE/AF Lock',
            6 => 'AE Lock Only',
            7 => 'AE Lock (hold)',
            8 => 'AF Lock Only',
        },
    },
    41.1 => { # CSg1
        Name => 'MovieFunctionButton',
        Mask => 0x70,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'None',
            0x10 => 'Power Aperture (open)', # bit '02' is also toggled on for this setting
            0x30 => 'Index Marking',
            0x40 => 'View Photo Shooting Info',
        },
    },
    41.2 => { # CSg2
        Name => 'MoviePreviewButton',
        Mask => 0x07,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'None',
            0x02 => 'Power Aperture (open)', # bit '10' is also toggled on for this setting
            0x03 => 'Index Marking',
            0x04 => 'View Photo Shooting Info',
        },
    },
    42.1 => { # CSf4-b
        Name => 'FuncButtonPlusDials',
        Mask => 0x0f,
        PrintConv => {
            0 => 'None',
            1 => 'Choose Image Area (FX/DX/5:4)',
            2 => 'Shutter Speed & Aperture Lock',
            3 => 'One Step Speed / Aperture',
            4 => 'Choose Non-CPU Lens Number',
            5 => 'Active D-Lighting',
            8 => 'Exposure Delay Mode',
        },
    },
    43.1 => { # CSf5-b
        Name => 'PreviewButtonPlusDials',
        Mask => 0x0f,
        PrintConv => {
            0 => 'None',
            1 => 'Choose Image Area (FX/DX/5:4)',
            2 => 'Shutter Speed & Aperture Lock',
            3 => 'One Step Speed / Aperture',
            4 => 'Choose Non-CPU Lens Number',
            5 => 'Active D-Lighting',
            8 => 'Exposure Delay Mode',
        },
    },
    44.1 => { # CSf6-b
        Name => 'AELockButtonPlusDials',
        Mask => 0x0f,
        PrintConv => {
            0 => 'None',
            1 => 'Choose Image Area (FX/DX/5:4)',
            2 => 'Shutter Speed & Aperture Lock',
            4 => 'Choose Non-CPU Lens Number',
            8 => 'Exposure Delay Mode',
        },
    },
    45.1 => { # CSf13
        Name => 'AssignMovieRecordButton',
        Mask => 0x0f,
        PrintConv => {
            0 => 'None',
            1 => 'Choose Image Area (FX/DX/5:4)',
            2 => 'Shutter Speed & Aperture Lock',
            9 => 'White Balance',
            10 => 'ISO Sensitivity',
        },
    },
    46.1 => { # CSb7-d
        Name => 'FineTuneOptHighlightWeighted',
        Mask => 0x0f,
        ValueConv => '($val > 0x7 ? $val - 0x10 : $val) / 6',
        ValueConvInv => 'int($val*6+($val>0?0.5:-0.5)) & 0x0f',
        PrintConv => '$val ? sprintf("%+.2f", $val) : 0',
        PrintConvInv => 'Image::ExifTool::Exif::ConvertFraction($val)',
    },
    47.1 => { # CSa5-b
        Name => 'DynamicAreaAFDisplay',
        Mask => 0x80,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Off',
            0x80 => 'On',
        },
    },
    47.2 => { # CSa5-a              # moved with D810
        Name => 'AFPointIllumination',
        Mask => 0x40,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Off',
            0x40 => 'On During Manual Focusing',
        },
    },
    47.3 => { # CSa9
        Name => 'StoreByOrientation',
        Mask => 0x18,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Off',
            0x08 => 'Focus Point',
            0x10 => 'Focus Point and AF-area mode',
        },
    },
    47.4 => { # CSa5-c
        Name => 'GroupAreaAFIllumination',
        Mask => 0x04,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Squares',      # moved with D810
            0x04 => 'Dots',
        },
    },
    48.1 => { # CSb5
        Name => 'MatrixMetering',
        Mask => 0x80,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Face Detection On',
            0x80 => 'Face Detection Off',
        },
    },
    48.2 => { # CSf14
        Name => 'LiveViewButtonOptions',
        Mask => 0x30,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Enable',
            0x20 => 'Disable',
        },
    },
    48.3 => { # CSa12
        Name => 'AFModeRestrictions',
        Mask => 0x03,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'No Restrictions',
            0x01 => 'AF-C',
            0x02 => 'AF-S',
        },
    },
    49.1 => { # CSa11
        Name => 'LimitAFAreaModeSelection',
        Mask => 0x7e,
        PrintConv => {
            0 => 'No Restrictions',
            BITMASK => {
                1 => 'Auto-area',
                2 => 'Group-area',
                3 => '3D-tracking',
                4 => 'Dynamic area (51 points)',
                5 => 'Dynamic area (21 points)',
                6 => 'Dynamic area (9 points)',
            },
        },
    },
    50.1 => { # CSf15
        Name => 'AF-OnForMB-D12',
        Mask => 0x07,
        PrintConv => {
            0 => 'AE/AF Lock',
            1 => 'AE Lock Only',
            2 => 'AF Lock Only',
            3 => 'AE Lock (hold)',
            4 => 'AE Lock (reset)',
            5 => 'AF-On',
            6 => 'FV Lock',
            7 => 'Same As Fn Button',
        },
    },
    51.1 => { # CSf16
        Name => 'AssignRemoteFnButton',
        Mask => 0x1f,
        PrintConv => {
            0 => 'None',
            1 => 'Preview',
            2 => 'FV Lock',
            3 => 'AE/AF Lock',
            4 => 'AE Lock Only',
            5 => 'AE Lock (reset on release)',
            7 => 'AF Lock Only',
            8 => 'AF-On',
            16 => '+NEF(RAW)',
            25 => 'Live View',
            26 => 'Flash Disable/Enable',
        },
    },
    52.1 => { # CSf17
        Name => 'LensFocusFunctionButtons',
        Mask => 0x3f,
        PrintConv => {
            3 => 'AE/AF Lock',
            4 => 'AE Lock Only',
            7 => 'AF Lock Only',
            21 => 'Disable Synchronized Release',
            22 => 'Remote Release Only',
            24 => 'Preset focus Point',
            26 => 'Flash Disable/Enable',
            32 => 'AF-Area Mode:  Single-point AF',
            33 => 'AF-Area Mode: Dynamic-area AF (9 points)',
            34 => 'AF-Area Mode: Dynamic-area AF (21 points)',
            35 => 'AF-Area Mode: Dynamic-area AF (51 points)',
            36 => 'AF-Area Mode: Group-area AF',
            37 => 'AF-Area Mode: Auto area AF',
        },
    },
);

# D5000 custom settings (ref PH)
%Image::ExifTool::NikonCustom::SettingsD5000 = (
    PROCESS_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::ProcessBinaryData,
    WRITE_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::WriteBinaryData,
    CHECK_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::CheckBinaryData,
    WRITABLE => 1,
    FIRST_ENTRY => 0,
    GROUPS => { 0 => 'MakerNotes', 2 => 'Camera' },
    NOTES => 'Custom settings for the D5000.',
    # Missing/Incomplete settings:
    # CSd7 - LiveViewDisplayOptions [couldn't find in data - try again with live view shots]
    0.1 => { # CSa1
        Name => 'AFAreaModeSetting',
        Mask => 0x60,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Single Area',
            0x20 => 'Dynamic Area',
            0x40 => 'Auto-area',
            0x60 => '3D-tracking (11 points)',
        },
    },
    0.2 => { # CSa2
        Name => 'AFAssist',
        Mask => 0x01,
        PrintConv => {
            0 => 'On',
            1 => 'Off',
        },
    },
    2.1 => { # CSd1
        Name => 'Beep',
        Mask => 0xc0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Off',
            0x40 => 'Low',
            0x80 => 'High',
        },
    },
    2.2 => { # CSd2
        Name => 'GridDisplay',
        Mask => 0x02,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'On',
            0x02 => 'Off',
        },
    },
    2.3 => { # CSd3
        Name => 'ISODisplay',
        Mask => 0x08,
        PrintConv => {
            0x08 => 'Off',
            0x00 => 'On',
        },
    },
    2.4 => { # CSf4
        Name => 'NoMemoryCard',
        Mask => 0x20,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Release Locked',
            0x20 => 'Enable Release',
        },
    },
    3.1 => { # CSd4
        Name => 'FileNumberSequence',
        Mask => 0x08,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'On', 0x08 => 'Off' },
    },
    4.1 => { # CSa4
        Name => 'RangeFinder',
        Mask => 0x10,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'Off', 0x10 => 'On' },
    },
    4.2 => { # CSd6
        Name => 'DateImprint',
        Mask => 0x08,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Off',
            0x08 => 'On',
        },
    },
    4.3 => { # CSf5
        Name => 'ReverseIndicators',
        Mask => 0x80,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '+ 0 -',
            0x80 => '- 0 +',
        },
    },
    5.1 => { # CSb1
        Name => 'EVStepSize',
        Mask => 0x40,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '1/3 EV',
            0x40 => '1/2 EV',
        },
    },
    9.1 => { # CSd5
        Name => 'ExposureDelayMode',
        Mask => 0x40,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Off',
            0x40 => 'On',
        },
    },
    11.1 => { # CSe2
        Name => 'AutoBracketSet',
        Mask => 0xc0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Exposure',
            # (NOTE: the following are reversed in the D5100 -- is this correct?)
            0x40 => 'Active D-Lighting', #(NC)
            0x80 => 'WB Bracketing',
        },
    },
    12.1 => { # CSf1
        Name => 'TimerFunctionButton',
        Mask => 0x38,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Self-timer',
            0x08 => 'Release Mode',
            0x10 => 'Image Quality/Size', #(NC)
            0x18 => 'ISO', #(NC)
            0x20 => 'White Balance', #(NC)
            0x28 => 'Active D-Lighting', #(NC)
            0x30 => '+ NEF (RAW)',
            0x38 => 'Auto Bracketing',
        },
    },
    15.1 => { # CSf2
        Name => 'AELockButton',
        Mask => 0x38,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'AE/AF Lock',
            0x08 => 'AE Lock Only', #(NC)
            0x10 => 'AF Lock Only', #(NC)
            0x18 => 'AE Lock (hold)',
            0x20 => 'AF-ON',
        },
    },
    16.1 => { # CSc1
        Name => 'ShutterReleaseButtonAE-L',
        Mask => 0x02,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'Off', 0x02 => 'On' },
    },
    16.2 => { # CSf3
        Name => 'CommandDialsReverseRotation',
        Mask => 0x80,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'No', 0x80 => 'Yes' },
    },
    17.1 => { # CSc2-c
        Name => 'MeteringTime',
        Mask => 0x70,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '4 s',
            0x10 => '8 s',
            0x20 => '20 s',
            0x30 => '1 min',
            0x40 => '30 min',
        },
    },
    17.2 => { # CSc4
        Name => 'RemoteOnDuration',
        Mask => 0x03,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '1 min',
            0x01 => '5 min',
            0x02 => '10 min',
            0x03 => '15 min',
        },
    },
    18.1 => { # CSc3-a
        Name => 'SelfTimerTime',
        Mask => 0xc0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '2 s',
            0x40 => '5 s',
            0x80 => '10 s',
            0xc0 => '20 s',
        },
    },
    18.2 => { # CSc3-b
        Name => 'SelfTimerShotCount',
        Mask => 0x1e,
        ValueConv => '$val >> 1',
        ValueConvInv => '$val << 1',
    },
    19.1 => { # CSc2-b
        Name => 'ImageReviewTime',
        Mask => 0xe0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '4 s',
            0x20 => '8 s',
            0x40 => '20 s',
            0x60 => '1 min',
            0x80 => '10 min',
        },
    },
    20.1 => { # CSc2-a
        Name => 'PlaybackMenusTime',
        Mask => 0xe0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '8 s',
            0x20 => '12 s',
            0x40 => '20 s',
            0x60 => '1 min',
            0x80 => '10 min',
        },
    },
    22.1 => { # CSe1-a
        Name => 'InternalFlash',
        Mask => 0xc0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'TTL',
            0x40 => 'Manual',
        },
    },
    22.2 => { # CSe1-b
        Name => 'ManualFlashOutput',
        Mask => 0x1f,
        ValueConv => '2 ** (-$val/3)',
        ValueConvInv => '$val > 0 ? -3*log($val)/log(2) : 0',
        PrintConv => q{
            return 'Full' if $val > 0.99;
            Image::ExifTool::Exif::PrintExposureTime($val);
        },
        PrintConvInv => '$val=~/F/i ? 1 : Image::ExifTool::Exif::ConvertFraction($val)',
    },
    32.1 => { # CSa3
        Name => 'LiveViewAF',
        Mask => 0x60,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Face Priority',
            0x20 => 'Wide Area',
            0x40 => 'Normal Area',
            0x60 => 'Subject Tracking',
        },
    },
);

# D5100 custom settings (ref PH)
%Image::ExifTool::NikonCustom::SettingsD5100 = (
    PROCESS_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::ProcessBinaryData,
    WRITE_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::WriteBinaryData,
    CHECK_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::CheckBinaryData,
    WRITABLE => 1,
    FIRST_ENTRY => 0,
    GROUPS => { 0 => 'MakerNotes', 2 => 'Camera' },
    NOTES => 'Custom settings for the D5100.',
    0.1 => { # CSa1
        Name => 'AF-CPrioritySelection',
        Mask => 0x80,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Release',
            0x80 => 'Focus',
        },
    },
    1.1 => { # CSa2
        Name => 'AFAssist',
        Mask => 0x01,
        PrintConv => {
            0 => 'On',
            1 => 'Off',
        },
    },
    3.1 => { # CSd1
        Name => 'Beep',
        Mask => 0xc0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Off',
            0x40 => 'Low',
            0x80 => 'High',
        },
    },
    3.2 => { # CSf4
        Name => 'NoMemoryCard',
        Mask => 0x20,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Release Locked',
            0x20 => 'Enable Release',
        },
    },
    3.3 => { # CSd2
        Name => 'ISODisplay',
        Mask => 0x08,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'On',
            0x08 => 'Off',
        },
    },
    4.1 => { # CSd3
        Name => 'FileNumberSequence',
        Mask => 0x08,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'On', 0x08 => 'Off' },
    },
    5.1 => { # CSa3
        Name => 'RangeFinder',
        Mask => 0x10,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'Off', 0x10 => 'On' },
    },
    # (it looks like CSd5 DateImprint is not stored)
    5.2 => { # CSf5
        Name => 'ReverseIndicators',
        Mask => 0x80,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '+ 0 -',
            0x80 => '- 0 +',
        },
    },
    6.1 => { # CSb1
        Name => 'EVStepSize',
        Mask => 0x40,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '1/3 EV',
            0x40 => '1/2 EV',
        },
    },
    10.1 => { # CSd4
        Name => 'ExposureDelayMode',
        Mask => 0x40,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Off',
            0x40 => 'On',
        },
    },
    12.1 => { # CSe2
        Name => 'AutoBracketSet',
        Mask => 0xc0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Exposure',
            # (NOTE: the following are reversed from the D5000 -- is D5000 correct?)
            0x40 => 'WB Bracketing',
            0x80 => 'Active D-Lighting',
        },
    },
    13.1 => { # CSf1
        Name => 'TimerFunctionButton',
        Mask => 0x38,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Self-timer',
            0x08 => 'Release Mode',
            0x10 => 'Image Quality/Size',
            0x18 => 'ISO',
            0x20 => 'White Balance',
            0x28 => 'Active D-Lighting',
            0x30 => '+ NEF (RAW)',
            0x38 => 'Auto Bracketing',
        },
    },
    16.1 => { # CSf2
        Name => 'AELockButton',
        Mask => 0x38,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'AE/AF Lock',
            0x08 => 'AE Lock Only',
            0x10 => 'AF Lock Only',
            0x18 => 'AE Lock (hold)',
            0x20 => 'AF-ON',
        },
    },
    17.1 => { # CSc1
        Name => 'ShutterReleaseButtonAE-L',
        Mask => 0x02,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'Off', 0x02 => 'On' },
    },
    17.2 => { # CSf3
        Name => 'CommandDialsReverseRotation',
        Mask => 0x80,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'No', 0x80 => 'Yes' },
    },
    18.1 => { # CSc2-d
        Name => 'MeteringTime',
        Mask => 0x70,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '4 s',
            0x10 => '8 s',
            0x20 => '20 s', #(NC)
            0x30 => '1 min',
            0x40 => '30 min', #(NC)
        },
    },
    18.2 => { # CSc4
        Name => 'RemoteOnDuration',
        Mask => 0x03,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '1 min',
            0x01 => '5 min',
            0x02 => '10 min', #(NC)
            0x03 => '20 min', # (but picture in manual shows 15 min)
        },
    },
    19.1 => { # CSc3-a
        Name => 'SelfTimerTime',
        Mask => 0xc0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '2 s',
            0x40 => '5 s',
            0x80 => '10 s',
            0xc0 => '20 s',
        },
    },
    19.2 => { # CSc3-b
        Name => 'SelfTimerShotCount',
        Mask => 0x0f,
    },
    20.1 => { # CSc2-b
        Name => 'ImageReviewTime',
        Mask => 0xe0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '4 s',
            0x20 => '8 s', #(NC)
            0x40 => '20 s',
            0x60 => '1 min', #(NC)
            0x80 => '10 min', #(NC)
        },
    },
    20.2 => { # CSc2-c
        Name => 'LiveViewMonitorOffTime',
        Mask => 0x1c,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '3 min',
            0x04 => '5 min', #(NC)
            0x08 => '10 min',
            0x0c => '15 min', #(NC)
            0x10 => '20 min', #(NC)
            0x14 => '30 min', #(NC)
        },
    },
    21.1 => { # CSc2-a
        Name => 'PlaybackMenusTime',
        Mask => 0xe0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '8 s', #(NC)
            0x20 => '12 s',
            0x40 => '20 s',
            0x60 => '1 min',
            0x80 => '10 min', #(NC)
        },
    },
    23.1 => { # CSe1-a
        Name => 'InternalFlash',
        Mask => 0xc0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'TTL',
            0x40 => 'Manual',
        },
    },
    23.1 => { # CSe1-b
        Name => 'ManualFlashOutput',
        Mask => 0x1f,
        ValueConv => '2 ** (-$val/3)',
        ValueConvInv => '$val > 0 ? -3*log($val)/log(2) : 0',
        PrintConv => q{
            return 'Full' if $val > 0.99;
            Image::ExifTool::Exif::PrintExposureTime($val);
        },
        PrintConvInv => '$val=~/F/i ? 1 : Image::ExifTool::Exif::ConvertFraction($val)',
    },
);

# D5200 custom settings (ref PH)
%Image::ExifTool::NikonCustom::SettingsD5200 = (
    PROCESS_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::ProcessBinaryData,
    WRITE_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::WriteBinaryData,
    CHECK_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::CheckBinaryData,
    WRITABLE => 1,
    FIRST_ENTRY => 0,
    GROUPS => { 0 => 'MakerNotes', 2 => 'Camera' },
    NOTES => 'Custom settings for the D5200.',
    0.1 => { # CSa1
        Name => 'AF-CPrioritySelection',
        Mask => 0x80,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Release',
            0x80 => 'Focus',
        },
    },
    0.2 => { # CSa2
        Name => 'NumberOfFocusPoints',
        Mask => 0x10,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '39 Points',
            0x10 => '11 Points',
        },
    },
    1.1 => { # CSa3
        Name => 'AFAssist',
        Mask => 0x01,
        PrintConv => {
            0 => 'On',
            1 => 'Off',
        },
    },
    3.1 => { # CSd1
        Name => 'Beep',
        Mask => 0xc0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Off',
            0x40 => 'Low',
            0x80 => 'High',
        },
    },
    3.2 => { # CSf4
        Name => 'NoMemoryCard',
        Mask => 0x20,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Release Locked',
            0x20 => 'Enable Release',
        },
    },
    3.3 => { # CSd3
        Name => 'ISODisplay',
        Mask => 0x08,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'On',
            0x08 => 'Off',
        },
    },
    4.1 => { # CSd3
        Name => 'FileNumberSequence',
        Mask => 0x08,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'On', 0x08 => 'Off' },
    },
    5.1 => { # CSa4
        Name => 'RangeFinder',
        Mask => 0x04,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'Off', 0x04 => 'On' },
    },
    5.2 => { # CSf3-a
        Name => 'ReverseExposureCompDial',
        Mask => 0x10,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'No', 0x10 => 'Yes' },
    },
    5.3 => { # CSf3-b
        Name => 'ReverseShutterSpeedAperture',
        Mask => 0x08,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'No', 0x08 => 'Yes' },
    },
    5.4 => { # CSf5
        Name => 'ReverseIndicators',
        Mask => 0x80,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '+ 0 -',
            0x80 => '- 0 +',
        },
    },
    6.1 => { # CSb1
        Name => 'EVStepSize',
        Mask => 0x40, # (bit 0x04 also changes)
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '1/3 EV',
            0x40 => '1/2 EV',
        },
    },
    10.1 => { # CSd5
        Name => 'ExposureDelayMode',
        Mask => 0x40,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Off',
            0x40 => 'On',
        },
    },
    12.1 => { # CSe2
        Name => 'AutoBracketSet',
        Mask => 0xc0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Exposure',
            # (NOTE: the following are reversed from the D5000 -- is D5000 correct?)
            0x40 => 'WB Bracketing',
            0x80 => 'Active D-Lighting',
        },
    },
    13.1 => { # CSf1
        Name => 'FunctionButton',
        Mask => 0x1f,
        PrintConv => {
            0x03 => 'AE/AF Lock',
            0x04 => 'AE Lock Only',
            0x06 => 'AE Lock (hold)',
            0x07 => 'AF Lock Only',
            0x08 => 'AF-ON',
            0x10 => '+ NEF (RAW)',
            0x12 => 'Active D-Lighting',
            0x19 => 'Live View',
            0x1a => 'Image Quality',
            0x1b => 'ISO',
            0x1c => 'White Balance',
            0x1d => 'HDR',
            0x1e => 'Auto Bracketing',
            0x1f => 'AF-area Mode',
        },
    },
    16.1 => { # CSf2
        Name => 'AELockButton',
        Mask => 0x0f,
        PrintConv => {
            0x03 => 'AE/AF Lock',
            0x04 => 'AE Lock Only',
            0x06 => 'AE Lock (hold)',
            0x07 => 'AF Lock Only',
            0x08 => 'AF-ON',
        },
    },
    17.1 => { # CSc1
        Name => 'ShutterReleaseButtonAE-L',
        Mask => 0x02,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'Off', 0x02 => 'On' },
    },
    18.1 => { # CSc2-d
        Name => 'StandbyTimer',
        Mask => 0xe0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '4 s',
            0x20 => '8 s',
            0x40 => '20 s',
            0x60 => '1 min',
            0x80 => '30 min',
        },
    },
    18.2 => { # CSc4
        Name => 'RemoteOnDuration',
        Mask => 0x03,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '1 min',
            0x01 => '5 min',
            0x02 => '10 min',
            0x03 => '15 min',
        },
    },
    19.1 => { # CSc3-a
        Name => 'SelfTimerTime',
        Mask => 0xc0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '2 s',
            0x40 => '5 s',
            0x80 => '10 s',
            0xc0 => '20 s',
        },
    },
    19.2 => { # CSc3-b
        Name => 'SelfTimerShotCount',
        Mask => 0x0f,
    },
    20.1 => { # CSc2-b
        Name => 'ImageReviewTime',
        Mask => 0xe0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x20 => '4 s',
            0x40 => '8 s',
            0x80 => '20 s',
            0xa0 => '1 min',
            0xe0 => '10 min',
        },
    },
    20.2 => { # CSc2-c
        Name => 'LiveViewMonitorOffTime',
        Mask => 0x1c,
        PrintConv => {
            0x04 => '5 min',
            0x08 => '10 min',
            0x0c => '15 min',
            0x10 => '20 min',
            0x14 => '30 min',
        },
    },
    21.1 => { # CSc2-a
        Name => 'PlaybackMenusTime',
        Mask => 0xe0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x20 => '8 s',
            0x80 => '20 s',
            0xa0 => '1 min',
            0xc0 => '5 min',
            0xe0 => '10 min',
        },
    },
    23.1 => { # CSe1-a
        Name => 'InternalFlash',
        Mask => 0xc0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'TTL',
            0x40 => 'Manual',
        },
    },
    23.2 => { # CSe1-b
        Name => 'ManualFlashOutput',
        Mask => 0x1f,
        ValueConv => '2 ** (-$val/3)',
        ValueConvInv => '$val > 0 ? -3*log($val)/log(2) : 0',
        PrintConv => q{
            return 'Full' if $val > 0.99;
            Image::ExifTool::Exif::PrintExposureTime($val);
        },
        PrintConvInv => '$val=~/F/i ? 1 : Image::ExifTool::Exif::ConvertFraction($val)',
    },
);

# D7000 custom settings (ref 2)
%Image::ExifTool::NikonCustom::SettingsD7000 = (
    PROCESS_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::ProcessBinaryData,
    WRITE_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::WriteBinaryData,
    CHECK_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::CheckBinaryData,
    WRITABLE => 1,
    FIRST_ENTRY => 0,
    DATAMEMBER => [ 23.1 ],
    GROUPS => { 0 => 'MakerNotes', 2 => 'Camera' },
    NOTES => 'Custom settings for the D7000.',
    0.1 => { # CSa1
        Name => 'AF-CPrioritySelection',
        Mask => 0x80,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Release',
            0x80 => 'Focus',
        },
    },
    0.2 => { # CSa2
        Name => 'AF-SPrioritySelection',
        Mask => 0x20,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Focus',
            0x20 => 'Release',
        },
    },
    0.3 => { # CSa6
        Name => 'NumberOfFocusPoints',
        Mask => 0x10,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '39 Points',
            0x10 => '11 Points',
        },
    },
    0.4 => { # CSa3
        Name => 'FocusTrackingLockOn',
        Mask => 0x07,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Off',
            0x01 => '1 Short',
            0x02 => '2',
            0x03 => '3 Normal',
            0x04 => '4',
            0x05 => '5 Long',
        },
    },
    1.1 => { # CSa5
        Name => 'FocusPointWrap',
        Mask => 0x08,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'No Wrap',
            0x08 => 'Wrap',
        },
    },
    1.2 => { # CSa4
        Name => 'AFPointIllumination',
        Mask => 0x06,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Auto',
            0x02 => 'On',
            0x04 => 'Off',
        },
    },
    1.3 => { # CSa7
        Name => 'AFAssist',
        Mask => 0x01,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'On', 0x01 => 'Off' },
    },
    2.1 => { # CSd14
        Name => 'BatteryOrder',
        Mask => 0x40,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'MB-D11 First',
            0x40 => 'Camera Battery First',
        },
    },
    2.2 => { # CSa10
        Name => 'AF-OnForMB-D11',
        Mask => 0x1c,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'AE/AF Lock',
            0x04 => 'AE Lock Only',
            0x08 => 'AF Lock Only',
            0x0c => 'AE Lock (hold)',
            0x10 => 'AF-ON',
            0x14 => 'FV Lock',
            0x18 => 'Same as FUNC Button',
        },
    },
    2.3 => { # CSd13
        Name => 'MB-D11BatteryType',
        Mask => 0x03,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'LR6 (AA alkaline)',
            0x01 => 'Ni-MH (AA Ni-MH)',
            0x02 => 'FR6 (AA lithium)',
        },
    },
    3.1 => { # CSd1-b
        Name => 'BeepPitch',
        Mask => 0xc0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Off',
            0x40 => 'Low',
            0x80 => 'High',
        },
    },
    3.2 => { # CSf8
        Name => 'NoMemoryCard',
        Mask => 0x20,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Release Locked',
            0x20 => 'Enable Release',
        },
    },
    3.3 => { # CSd3
        Name => 'ISODisplay',
        Mask => 0x0c,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Show ISO/Easy ISO',
            0x04 => 'Show ISO Sensitivity',
            0x0c => 'Show Frame Count',
        },
    },
    3.4 => { # CSd2
        Name => 'GridDisplay',
        Mask => 0x02,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'On', 0x02 => 'Off' },
    },
    3.5 => { # CSd4
        Name => 'ViewfinderWarning',
        Mask => 0x01,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'On', 0x01 => 'Off' },
    },
    4.1 => { # CSd9
        Name => 'ShootingInfoDisplay',
        Mask => 0xc0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Auto',
            0x80 => 'Manual (dark on light)',
            0xc0 => 'Manual (light on dark)',
        },
    },
    4.2 => { # CSd10
        Name => 'LCDIllumination',
        Mask => 0x20,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'Off', 0x20 => 'On' },
    },
    4.3 => { # CSd8
        Name => 'FileNumberSequence',
        Mask => 0x08,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'On', 0x08 => 'Off' },
    },
    4.4 => { # CSd5
        Name => 'ScreenTips',
        Mask => 0x04,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'Off', 0x04 => 'On' },
    },
    4.5 => { # CSd1-a
        Name => 'BeepVolume',
        Mask => 0x03,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Off',
            0x01 => '1',
            0x02 => '2',
            0x03 => '3',
        },
    },
    5.1 => { # CSf9
        Name => 'ReverseIndicators',
        Mask => 0x80,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '+ 0 -',
            0x80 => '- 0 +',
        },
    },
    5.2 => { # CSb3
        Name => 'EasyExposureCompensation',
        Mask => 0x03,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Off',
            0x01 => 'On',
            0x02 => 'On Auto Reset',
        },
    },
    6.1 => { # CSb2
        Name => 'ExposureControlStep',
        Mask => 0x40,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '1/3 EV',
            0x40 => '1/2 EV',
        },
    },
    6.2 => { # CSb1
        Name => 'ISOSensitivityStep',
        Mask => 0x10,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '1/3 EV',
            0x10 => '1/2 EV',
        },
    },
    7.1 => { # CSb4
        Name => 'CenterWeightedAreaSize',
        Mask => 0xe0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '6 mm',
            0x20 => '8 mm',
            0x40 => '10 mm',
            0x60 => '13 mm',
            0x80 => 'Average',
        },
    },
    10.1 => { # CSd11
        Name => 'ExposureDelayMode',
        Mask => 0x40,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Off',
            0x40 => 'On',
        },
    },
    10.2 => { # CSd6
        Name => 'CLModeShootingSpeed',
        Mask => 0x07,
        PrintConv => '"$val fps"',
        PrintConvInv => '$val=~s/\s*fps//i; $val',
    },
    11 => { # CSd7
        Name => 'MaxContinuousRelease',
        # values: 1-100
    },
    12.1 => { # CSe5
        Name => 'AutoBracketSet',
        Mask => 0xe0, #(NC)
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'AE & Flash', # default
            0x20 => 'AE Only',
            0x40 => 'Flash Only', #(NC)
            0x60 => 'WB Bracketing', #(NC)
            0x80 => 'Active D-Lighting', #(NC)
        },
    },
    12.2 => { # CSe6
        Name => 'AutoBracketOrder',
        Mask => 0x10,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '0,-,+',
            0x10 => '-,0,+',
        },
    },
    13.1 => { # CSf3
        Name => 'FuncButton',
        Mask => 0xf8,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Grid Display',
            0x08 => 'FV Lock',
            0x10 => 'Flash Off',
            0x18 => 'Matrix Metering',
            0x20 => 'Center-weighted Metering',
            0x28 => 'Spot Metering',
            0x30 => 'My Menu Top',
            0x38 => '+ NEF (RAW)',
            0x40 => 'Active D-Lighting',
            0x48 => 'Preview',
            0x50 => 'AE/AF Lock',
            0x58 => 'AE Lock Only',
            0x60 => 'AF Lock Only',
            0x68 => 'AE Lock (hold)',
            0x70 => 'Bracketing Burst',
            0x78 => 'Playback',
            0x80 => '1EV Step Speed/Aperture',
            0x88 => 'Choose Non-CPU Lens',
            0x90 => 'Virtual Horizon',
            0x98 => 'Start Movie Recording',
        },
    },
    14.1 => { # CSf4
        Name => 'PreviewButton',
        Mask => 0xf8,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Grid Display',
            0x08 => 'FV Lock',
            0x10 => 'Flash Off',
            0x18 => 'Matrix Metering',
            0x20 => 'Center-weighted Metering',
            0x28 => 'Spot Metering',
            0x30 => 'My Menu Top',
            0x38 => '+ NEF (RAW)',
            0x40 => 'Active D-Lighting',
            0x48 => 'Preview',
            0x50 => 'AE/AF Lock',
            0x58 => 'AE Lock Only',
            0x60 => 'AF Lock Only',
            0x68 => 'AE Lock (hold)',
            0x70 => 'Bracketing Burst',
            0x78 => 'Playback',
            0x80 => '1EV Step Speed/Aperture',
            0x88 => 'Choose Non-CPU Lens',
            0x90 => 'Virtual Horizon',
            0x98 => 'Start Movie Recording',
        },
    },
    16.1 => { # CSf5
        Name => 'AELockButton',
        Mask => 0x38,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'AE/AF Lock',
            0x08 => 'AE Lock Only',
            0x10 => 'AF Lock Only',
            0x18 => 'AE Lock (hold)',
            0x20 => 'AF-ON',
            0x28 => 'FV Lock',
        },
    },
    15.1 => { # CSf2
        Name => 'OKButton',
        Mask => 0x18,
        PrintConv => {
            0x08 => 'Select Center Focus Point',
            0x10 => 'Highlight Active Focus Point',
            0x18 => 'Not Used', #(NC)
            0x00 => 'Off', #(NC)
        },
    },
    17.1 => { # CSf6-a
        Name => 'CommandDialsReverseRotation',
        Mask => 0x80,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'No', 0x80 => 'Yes' },
    },
    17.2 => { # CSf6-b
        Name => 'CommandDialsChangeMainSub',
        Mask => 0x60,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Off',
            0x20 => 'On',
            0x40 => 'On (A mode only)',
        },
    },
    17.3 => { # CSf6-c
        Name => 'CommandDialsApertureSetting',
        Mask => 0x04,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Sub-command Dial',
            0x04 => 'Aperture Ring',
        },
    },
    17.4 => { # CSf6-d
        Name => 'CommandDialsMenuAndPlayback',
        Mask => 0x18,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'On',
            0x10 => 'On (Image Review Exclude)',
            0x08 => 'Off',
        },
    },
    17.5 => { # CSc1
        Name => 'ShutterReleaseButtonAE-L',
        Mask => 0x02,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'Off', 0x02 => 'On' },
    },
    17.6 => { # CSf7
        Name => 'ReleaseButtonToUseDial',
        Mask => 0x01,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'No', 0x01 => 'Yes' },
    },
    18.1 => { # CSc2
        Name => 'MeteringTime',
        Mask => 0xf0,
        PrintConvColumns => 2,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '4 s',
            0x10 => '6 s', # default
            0x20 => '8 s',
            0x30 => '16 s',
            0x40 => '30 s',
            0x50 => '1 min',
            0x60 => '5 min',
            0x70 => '10 min',
            0x80 => '30 min',
            0x90 => 'No Limit',
        },
    },
    18.2 => { # CSc5
        Name => 'RemoteOnDuration',
        Mask => 0x03,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '1 min',
            0x01 => '5 min',
            0x02 => '10 min',
            0x03 => '15 min',
        },
    },
    19.1 => { # CSc3-a
        Name => 'SelfTimerTime',
        Mask => 0xc0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '2 s',
            0x40 => '5 s',
            0x80 => '10 s', # default
            0xc0 => '20 s',
        },
    },
    19.2 => { # CSc3-c
        Name => 'SelfTimerInterval',
        Mask => 0x30,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '0.5 s',
            0x10 => '1 s',
            0x20 => '2 s', # default
            0x30 => '3 s',
        },
    },
    19.3 => { # CSc3-b
        Name => 'SelfTimerShotCount',
        Mask => 0x0f,
    },
    20.1 => { # CSc4-d
        Name => 'ImageReviewTime',
        Mask => 0xe0,
        PrintConv => { #(NC)
            0x00 => '4 s',
            0x20 => '10 s', # default
            0x40 => '20 s',
            0x60 => '1 min',
            0x80 => '5 min',
            0xa0 => '10 min',
        },
    },
    20.2 => { # CSc4-e
        Name => 'LiveViewMonitorOffTime',
        Mask => 0x1c,
        PrintConv => { #(NC)
            0x00 => '4 s',
            0x04 => '10 s', # default
            0x08 => '20 s',
            0x0c => '1 min',
            0x10 => '5 min',
            0x14 => '10 min',
        },
    },
    21.1 => { # CSc4-b
        Name => 'MenuMonitorOffTime',
        Mask => 0xe0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '4 s',
            0x20 => '10 s', # default
            0x40 => '20 s',
            0x60 => '1 min',
            0x80 => '5 min',
            0xa0 => '10 min',
        },
    },
    21.2 => { # CSc4-c
        Name => 'ShootingInfoMonitorOffTime',
        Mask => 0x1c,
        PrintConv => { #(NC)
            0x00 => '4 s',
            0x04 => '10 s', # default
            0x08 => '20 s',
            0x0c => '1 min',
            0x10 => '5 min',
            0x14 => '10 min',
        },
    },
    22.1 => { # CSe1
        Name => 'FlashSyncSpeed',
        Mask => 0xf0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '1/320 s (auto FP)',
            0x10 => '1/250 s (auto FP)',
            0x20 => '1/250 s',
            0x30 => '1/200 s',
            0x40 => '1/160 s',
            0x50 => '1/125 s',
            0x60 => '1/100 s',
            0x70 => '1/80 s',
            0x80 => '1/60 s',
       },
    },
    22.2 => { # CSe2
        Name => 'FlashShutterSpeed',
        Mask => 0x0f,
        PrintConvColumns => 2,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '1/60 s',
            0x01 => '1/30 s',
            0x02 => '1/15 s',
            0x03 => '1/8 s',
            0x04 => '1/4 s',
            0x05 => '1/2 s',
            0x06 => '1 s',
            0x07 => '2 s',
            0x08 => '4 s',
            0x09 => '8 s',
            0x0a => '15 s',
            0x0b => '30 s',
        },
    },
    23.1 => { # CSe3
        Name => 'FlashControlBuilt-in',
        Mask => 0xc0,
        RawConv => '$$self{FlashControlBuiltin} = $val',
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'TTL',
            0x40 => 'Manual',
            0x80 => 'Repeating Flash',
            0xc0 => 'Commander Mode',
        },
    },
    23.2 => { # CSe3-b
        Name => 'ManualFlashOutput',
        Condition => '$$self{FlashControlBuiltin} == 0x40',
        Mask => 0x1f,
        ValueConv => '2 ** (-$val/3)',
        ValueConvInv => '$val > 0 ? -3*log($val)/log(2) : 0',
        PrintConv => q{
            return 'Full' if $val > 0.99;
            Image::ExifTool::Exif::PrintExposureTime($val);
        },
        PrintConvInv => '$val=~/F/i ? 1 : Image::ExifTool::Exif::ConvertFraction($val)',
    },
    24.1 => { # CSe3-ca
        Name => 'RepeatingFlashOutput',
        Condition => '$$self{FlashControlBuiltin} == 0x80',
        Mask => 0x70,
        ValueConv => '2 ** (-($val>>4)-2)',
        ValueConvInv => '$val > 0 ? int(-log($val)/log(2)-2+0.5)<<4 : 0',
        PrintConv => 'Image::ExifTool::Exif::PrintExposureTime($val)',
        PrintConvInv => 'Image::ExifTool::Exif::ConvertFraction($val)',
    },
    24.2 => { # CSe3-cb
        Name => 'RepeatingFlashCount',
        Condition => '$$self{FlashControlBuiltin} == 0x80',
        Mask => 0x0f,
        ValueConv => '$val < 10 ? $val + 1 : 5 * ($val - 7)',
        ValueConvInv => '$val <= 10 ? $val - 1 : $val / 5 + 7',
    },
    25.1 => { # CSe3-cc (NC)
        Name => 'RepeatingFlashRate',
        Condition => '$$self{FlashControlBuiltin} == 0x80',
        Mask => 0xf0,
        ValueConv => 'my $v=($val>>4); $v < 10 ? $v + 1 : 10 * ($v - 8)',
        ValueConvInv => 'int(($val <= 10 ? $val - 1 : $val / 10 + 8) + 0.5) << 4',
        PrintConv => '"$val Hz"',
        PrintConvInv => '$val=~/(\d+)/; $1 || 0',
    },
    26.1 => { # CSe3-da
        Name => 'CommanderInternalTTLCompBuiltin',
        Condition => '$$self{FlashControlBuiltin} == 0xc0',
        Mask => 0x1f,
        ValueConv => '($val - 9) / 3',
        ValueConvInv => '$val * 3 + 9',
        PrintConv => '$val ? sprintf("%+.1f",$val) : 0',
        PrintConvInv => '$val',
    },
    27.1 => { # CSe3-db
        Name => 'CommanderInternalTTLCompGroupA',
        Condition => '$$self{FlashControlBuiltin} == 0xc0',
        Mask => 0x1f,
        ValueConv => '($val - 9) / 3',
        ValueConvInv => '$val * 3 + 9',
        PrintConv => '$val ? sprintf("%+.1f",$val) : 0',
        PrintConvInv => '$val',
    },
    28.1 => { # CSe3-dc
        Name => 'CommanderInternalTTLCompGroupB',
        Condition => '$$self{FlashControlBuiltin} == 0xc0',
        Mask => 0x1f,
        ValueConv => '($val - 9) / 3',
        ValueConvInv => '$val * 3 + 9',
        PrintConv => '$val ? sprintf("%+.1f",$val) : 0',
        PrintConvInv => '$val',
    },
    30.1 => { # CSd11
        Name => 'FlashWarning',
        Mask => 0x80,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'On',
            0x80 => 'Off',
        },
    },
    30.2 => { # CSe4
        Name => 'ModelingFlash',
        Mask => 0x20,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'On', 0x20 => 'Off' },
    },
    34.1 => { # CSa8-b
        Name => 'LiveViewAFAreaMode',
        Mask => 0x60,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Face-Priority',
            0x20 => 'NormalArea',
            0x40 => 'WideArea',
            0x60 => 'SubjectTracking',
        },
    },
    34.2 => { # CSa8-a
        Name => 'LiveViewAFMode',
        Mask => 0x02,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'AF-C',
            0x02 => 'AF-F',
        },
    },
    35.1 => { # CSc4-a
        Name => 'PlaybackMonitorOffTime',
        Mask => 0xe0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '4 s',
            0x20 => '10 s', # default
            0x40 => '20 s',
            0x60 => '1 min',
            0x80 => '5 min',
            0xa0 => '10 min',
        },
    },
);

# D4/D4S custom settings (ref 1, decoded from D4S)
%Image::ExifTool::NikonCustom::SettingsD4 = (
    PROCESS_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::ProcessBinaryData,
    WRITE_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::WriteBinaryData,
    CHECK_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::CheckBinaryData,
    WRITABLE => 1,
    FIRST_ENTRY => 0,
    GROUPS => { 0 => 'MakerNotes', 2 => 'Camera' },
    NOTES => 'Custom settings for the D4 and D4S.',
    0.1 => {
        Name => 'CustomSettingsBank',
        Mask => 0x03,
        PrintConv => {
            0 => 'A',
            1 => 'B',
            2 => 'C',
            3 => 'D',
        },
    },
    1.1 => { #CSa1
        Name => 'AF-CPrioritySelection',
        Mask => 0xc0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Release',
            0x40 => 'Release + Focus',
            0x80 => 'Focus',
            0xc0 => 'Focus + Release',
        },
    },
    1.2 => { # CSa2
        Name => 'AF-SPrioritySelection',
        Mask => 0x20,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Focus',
            0x20 => 'Release',
        },
    },
    1.3 => { # CSa7
        Name => 'AFPointSelection',
        Mask => 0x10,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '51 Points',
            0x10 => '11 Points',
        },
    },
    1.4 => { # CSa3
        Name => 'FocusTrackingLockOn',
        Mask => 0x07,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Off',
            0x01 => '1 (Short)',
            0x02 => '2',
            0x03 => '3 (Normal)',
            0x04 => '4',
            0x05 => '5 (Long)',
        },
    },
    2.1 => { # CSa4
        Name => 'AFActivation',
        Mask => 0x80,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Shutter/AF-On',
            0x80 => 'AF-On Only',
        },
    },
    2.2 => { # CSa6
        Name => 'FocusPointWrap',
        Mask => 0x08,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'No Wrap',
            0x08 => 'Wrap',
        },
    },
    4.1 => { # CSd1-b
        Name => 'Pitch',
        Mask => 0x40,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'High', 0x40 => 'Low' },
    },
    4.2 => { # CSf12
        Name => 'NoMemoryCard',
        Mask => 0x20,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Release Locked',
            0x20 => 'Enable Release',
        },
    },
    4.3 => { # CSd6
        Name => 'GridDisplay',
        Mask => 0x02,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'On', 0x02 => 'Off' },
    },
    5.1 => { # CSd9
        Name => 'ShootingInfoDisplay',
        Mask => 0xc0,
        PrintConv => {
            # 0x00 - seen for D4 (PH)
            0x40 => 'Auto',
            0x80 => 'Manual (dark on light)',
            0xc0 => 'Manual (light on dark)',
        },
    },
    5.2 => { # CSd10
        Name => 'LCDIllumination',
        Mask => 0x20,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'Off', 0x20 => 'On' },
    },
    5.3 => { # CSd8
        Name => 'ScreenTips',
        Mask => 0x04,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'Off', 0x04 => 'On' },
    },
    5.4 => { # CSd1-a
        Name => 'Beep',
        Mask => 0x03,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Off',
            0x01 => 'Low',
            0x02 => 'Medium',
            0x03 => 'High',
        },
    },
    6.1 => { # CSf13
        Name => 'ReverseIndicators',
        Mask => 0x80,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '+ 0 -',
            0x80 => '- 0 +',
        },
    },
    6.2 => { # CSd7-a
        Name => 'RearDisplay',
        Mask => 0x40,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'ISO',
            0x40 => 'Exposures Remaining',
        },
    },
    6.3 => { # CSd7-b
        Name => 'ViewfinderDisplay',
        Mask => 0x20,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Frame Count',
            0x20 => 'Exposures Remaining',
        },
    },
    6.4 => { # CSd10-a
        Name => 'CommandDialsReverseRotation',
        Mask => 0x18,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'No',
            0x08 => 'Shutter Speed & Aperture',
            0x10 => 'Exposure Compensation',
            0x18 => 'Exposure Compensation, Shutter Speed & Aperture',
        },
    },
    6.5 => { # CSb4
        Name => 'EasyExposureCompensation',
        Mask => 0x03,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Off',
            0x01 => 'On',
            0x02 => 'On (auto reset)',
        },
    },
    7.1 => { # CSb2
        Name => 'ExposureControlStepSize',
        Mask => 0xc0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '1/3 EV',
            0x40 => '1/2 EV',
            0x80 => '1 EV',
        },
    },
    7.2 => { # CSb1
        Name => 'ISOStepSize',
        Mask => 0x30,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '1/3 EV',
            0x10 => '1/2 EV',
            0x20 => '1 EV',
        },
    },
    7.3 => { # CSb3
        Name => 'ExposureCompStepSize',
        Mask => 0x0c,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '1/3 EV',
            0x04 => '1/2 EV',
            0x08 => '1 EV',
        },
    },
    8.1 => { # CSb6 (CSb5 for D4)
        Name => 'CenterWeightedAreaSize',
        Mask => 0xe0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '8 mm',
            0x20 => '12 mm',
            0x40 => '15 mm',
            0x60 => '20 mm',
            0x80 => 'Average',
        },
    },
    8.2 => { # CSb7-a
        Name => 'FineTuneOptMatrixMetering',
        Mask => 0x0f,
        ValueConv => '($val > 0x7 ? $val - 0x10 : $val) / 6',
        ValueConvInv => 'int($val*6+($val>0?0.5:-0.5)) & 0x0f',
        PrintConv => '$val ? sprintf("%+.2f", $val) : 0',
        PrintConvInv => 'Image::ExifTool::Exif::ConvertFraction($val)',
    },
    9.1 => { # CSb7-b
        Name => 'FineTuneOptCenterWeighted',
        Mask => 0xf0,
        ValueConv => '($val > 0x70 ? $val - 0x100 : $val) / 0x60',
        ValueConvInv => '(int($val*6+($val>0?0.5:-0.5))<<4) & 0xf0',
        PrintConv => '$val ? sprintf("%+.2f", $val) : 0',
        PrintConvInv => 'Image::ExifTool::Exif::ConvertFraction($val)',
    },
    9.2 => { # CSb7-c
        Name => 'FineTuneOptSpotMetering',
        Mask => 0x0f,
        ValueConv => '($val > 0x7 ? $val - 0x10 : $val) / 6',
        ValueConvInv => 'int($val*6+($val>0?0.5:-0.5)) & 0x0f',
        PrintConv => '$val ? sprintf("%+.2f", $val) : 0',
        PrintConvInv => 'Image::ExifTool::Exif::ConvertFraction($val)',
    },
    10.1 => { # CSf1-a
        Name => 'MultiSelectorShootMode',
        Mask => 0xc0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Select Center Focus Point (Reset)',
            0x80 => 'Preset Focus Point (Pre)',
            0xc0 => 'Not Used (None)',
        },
    },
    10.2 => { # CSf1-b
        Name => 'MultiSelectorPlaybackMode',
        Mask => 0x30,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Thumbnail On/Off',
            0x10 => 'View Histograms',
            0x20 => 'Zoom On/Off',
            0x30 => 'Choose Folder',
        },
    },
    10.3 => { # CSf2
        Name => 'MultiSelector',
        Mask => 0x01,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Do Nothing',
            0x01 => 'Reset Meter-off Delay',
        },
    },
    11.1 => { # CSd4
        Name => 'ExposureDelayMode',
        Mask => 0xc0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Off',
            0x40 => '1 s',
            0x80 => '2 s',
            0xc0 => '3 s',
        },
    },
    11.2 => { # CSd2-a
        Name => 'CHModeShootingSpeed',
        Mask => 0x10,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '10 fps',
            0x10 => '11 fps',
        },
    },
    11.3 => { # CSd2-b
        Name => 'CLModeShootingSpeed',
        Mask => 0x0f,
        PrintConv => '"$val fps"',
        PrintConvInv => '$val=~s/\s*fps//i; $val',
    },
    12 => { # CSd3
        Name => 'MaxContinuousRelease',
        # values: 1-200
    },
    13.1 => { # CSe6
        Name => 'AutoBracketSet',
        Mask => 0xe0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'AE & Flash',
            0x20 => 'AE Only',
            0x40 => 'Flash Only',
            0x60 => 'WB Bracketing',
            0x80 => 'Active D-Lighting',
        },
    },
    13.2 => { # CSe8
        Name => 'AutoBracketOrder',
        Mask => 0x10,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '0,-,+',
            0x10 => '-,0,+',
        },
    },
    13.3 => { # CSe7
        Name => 'AutoBracketModeM',
        Mask => 0x0c,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Flash/Speed',
            0x04 => 'Flash/Speed/Aperture',
            0x08 => 'Flash/Aperture',
            0x0c => 'Flash Only',
        },
    },
    14.1 => { # CSf3-a
        Name => 'FuncButton',
        Mask => 0xf8,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'None',
            0x08 => 'Preview',
            0x10 => 'FV Lock',
            0x18 => 'AE/AF Lock',
            0x20 => 'AE Lock Only',
            0x28 => 'AE Lock (reset on release)',
            0x30 => 'AE Lock (hold)',
            0x38 => 'AF Lock Only',
            0x40 => 'AF-On',
            0x50 => 'Bracketing Burst',
            0x58 => 'Matrix Metering',
            0x60 => 'Center-weighted Metering',
            0x68 => 'Spot Metering',
            0x70 => 'Playback',
            0x78 => 'My Menu Top Item',
            0x80 => '+NEF(RAW)',
            0x88 => 'Virtual Horizon',
            0x90 => 'My Menu',
            0xa0 => 'Grid Display',
            0xa8 => 'Disable Synchronized Release',
            0xb0 => 'Remote Release Only',
            0xd0 => 'Flash Disable/Enable',
        },
    },
    14.2 => { # CSf3-b
        Name => 'FuncButtonPlusDials',
        Mask => 0x07,
        PrintConv => {
            0 => 'None',
            1 => 'Choose Image Area (FX/DX/5:4)',
            2 => 'Shutter Speed & Aperture Lock',
            3 => 'One Step Speed / Aperture',
            4 => 'Choose Non-CPU Lens Number',
            5 => 'Active D-Lighting',
            6 => 'Shooting Bank Menu',
        },
    },
    15.1 => { # CSf4-a
        Name => 'PreviewButton',
        Mask => 0xf8,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'None',
            0x08 => 'Preview',
            0x10 => 'FV Lock',
            0x18 => 'AE/AF Lock',
            0x20 => 'AE Lock Only',
            0x28 => 'AE Lock (reset on release)',
            0x30 => 'AE Lock (hold)',
            0x38 => 'AF Lock Only',
            0x40 => 'AF-On',
            0x50 => 'Bracketing Burst',
            0x58 => 'Matrix Metering',
            0x60 => 'Center-weighted Metering',
            0x68 => 'Spot Metering',
            0x70 => 'Playback',
            0x78 => 'My Menu Top Item',
            0x80 => '+NEF(RAW)',
            0x88 => 'Virtual Horizon',
            0x90 => 'My Menu',
            0xa0 => 'Grid Display',
            0xa8 => 'Disable Synchronized Release',
            0xb0 => 'Remote Release Only',
            0xd0 => 'Flash Disable/Enable',
        },
    },
    15.2 => { # CSf4-b
        Name => 'PreviewButtonPlusDials',
        Mask => 0x07,
        PrintConv => {
            0 => 'None',
            1 => 'Choose Image Area (FX/DX/5:4)',
            2 => 'Shutter Speed & Aperture Lock',
            3 => 'One Step Speed / Aperture',
            4 => 'Choose Non-CPU Lens Number',
            5 => 'Active D-Lighting',
            6 => 'Shooting Bank Menu',
        },
    },
    16.1 => { # CSf9
        Name => 'AssignBktButton',
        Mask => 0x07,
        PrintConv => {
            0 => 'Auto Bracketing',
            1 => 'Multiple Exposure',
            2 => 'HDR (high dynamic range)',
            3 => 'None',
        },
    },
    18.1 => { # CSf10-b
        Name => 'CommandDialsChangeMainSub',
        Mask => 0xe0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Autofocus Off, Exposure Off',
            0x20 => 'Autofocus Off, Exposure On',
            0x40 => 'Autofocus Off, Exposure On (Mode A)',
            0x80 => 'Autofocus On, Exposure Off',
            0xa0 => 'Autofocus On, Exposure On',
            0xc0 => 'Autofocus On, Exposure On (Mode A)',
        },
    },
    18.2 => { # CSf10-d
        Name => 'CommandDialsMenuAndPlayback',
        Mask => 0x18,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'On',
            0x08 => 'Off',
            0x10 => 'On (Image Review Excluded)',
        },
    },
    18.3 => { # CSf10-c
        Name => 'CommandDialsApertureSetting',
        Mask => 0x04,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Sub-command Dial',
            0x04 => 'Aperture Ring',
        },
    },
    18.4 => { # CSc1
        Name => 'ShutterReleaseButtonAE-L',
        Mask => 0x02,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'Off', 0x02 => 'On' },
    },
    18.5 => { # CSf11
        Name => 'ReleaseButtonToUseDial',
        Mask => 0x01,
        PrintConv => { 0x00 => 'No', 0x01 => 'Yes' },
    },
    19.1 => { # CSc2
        Name => 'StandbyTimer',
        Mask => 0xf0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '4 s',
            0x10 => '6 s',
            0x30 => '10 s',
            0x50 => '30 s',
            0x60 => '1 min',
            0x70 => '5 min',
            0x80 => '10 min',
            0x90 => '30 min',
        },
    },
    20.1 => { # CSc3-a
        Name => 'SelfTimerTime',
        Mask => 0xc0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '2 s',
            0x40 => '5 s',
            0x80 => '10 s',
            0xc0 => '20 s',
        },
    },
    20.2 => { # CSc3-b
        Name => 'SelfTimerShotCount',
        Mask => 0x0f,
    },
    20.3 => { # CSc3-c
        Name => 'SelfTimerShotInterval',
        Mask => 0x30,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '0.5 s',
            0x10 => '1 s',
            0x20 => '2 s',
            0x30 => '3 s',
        },
    },
    21.1 => { # CSc4-d
        Name => 'ImageReviewMonitorOffTime',
        Mask => 0xe0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '2 s',
            0x20 => '4 s',
            0x40 => '10 s',
            0x60 => '20 s',
            0x80 => '1 min',
            0xa0 => '5 min',
            0xc0 => '10 min',

        },
    },
    21.2 => { # CSc4-e
        Name => 'LiveViewMonitorOffTime',
        Mask => 0x1c,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '5 min',
            0x04 => '10 min',
            0x08 => '15 min',
            0x0c => '20 min',
            0x10 => '30 min',
            0x14 => 'No Limit',
        },
    },
    22.1 => { # CSc4-b
        Name => 'MenuMonitorOffTime',
        Mask => 0xe0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '4 s',
            0x20 => '10 s',
            0x40 => '20 s',
            0x60 => '1 min',
            0x80 => '5 min',
            0xa0 => '10 min',
        },
    },
    22.2 => { # CSc4-c
        Name => 'ShootingInfoMonitorOffTime',
        Mask => 0x1c,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '4 s',
            0x04 => '10 s',
            0x08 => '20 s',
            0x0c => '1 min',
            0x10 => '5 min',
            0x14 => '10 min',
        },
    },
    23.1 => { # CSe1
        Name => 'FlashSyncSpeed',
        Mask => 0xf0,
        PrintConv => {
            # 0x00 - seen for D4 (PH)
            0x10 => '1/250 s (auto FP)',
            0x20 => '1/250 s',
            0x30 => '1/200 s',
            0x40 => '1/160 s',
            0x50 => '1/125 s',
            0x60 => '1/100 s',
            0x70 => '1/80 s',
            0x80 => '1/60 s',
        },
    },
    23.2 => { # CSe2
        Name => 'FlashShutterSpeed',
        Mask => 0x0f,
        PrintConvColumns => 2,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '1/60 s',
            0x01 => '1/30 s',
            0x02 => '1/15 s',
            0x03 => '1/8 s',
            0x04 => '1/4 s',
            0x05 => '1/2 s',
            0x06 => '1 s',
            0x07 => '2 s',
            0x08 => '4 s',
            0x09 => '8 s',
            0x0a => '15 s',
            0x0b => '30 s',
        },
    },
    31.1 => { # CSe5
        Name => 'ModelingFlash',
        Mask => 0x20,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'On',
            0x20 => 'Off',
        },
    },
    36.1 => { # CSc4-a
        Name => 'PlaybackMonitorOffTime',
        Mask => 0xe0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => '4 s',
            0x20 => '10 s',
            0x40 => '20 s',
            0x60 => '1 min',
            0x80 => '5 min',
            0xa0 => '10 min',
        },
    },
    37.1 => { # CSf15
        Name => 'PlaybackZoom',
        Mask => 0x01,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Use Separate Zoom Buttons',
            0x01 => 'Use Either Zoom Button with Command Dial',
        },
    },
    38.1 => { # CSf8-a
        Name => 'ShutterSpeedLock',
        Mask => 0x80,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Off',
            0x80 => 'On',
        },
    },
    38.2 => { # CSf8-b
        Name => 'ApertureLock',
        Mask => 0x40,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Off',
            0x40 => 'On',
        },
    },
    38.3 => { # CSg4
        Name => 'MovieShutterButton',
        Mask => 0x30,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Take Photo',
            0x10 => 'Record Movies',
            0x20 => 'Live Frame Grab',
        },
    },
    38.4 => { # CSe4
        Name => 'FlashExposureCompArea',
        Mask => 0x04,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Entire frame',
            0x04 => 'Background only',
        },
    },
    41.1 => { # CSg1-a
        Name => 'MovieFunctionButton',
        Mask => 0x70,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'None',
            0x10 => 'Power Aperture (open)', # bit '02' is also toggled on for this setting
            0x30 => 'Index Marking',
            0x40 => 'View Photo Shooting Info',
        },
    },
    41.2 => { # CSg2-a
        Name => 'MoviePreviewButton',
        Mask => 0x07,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'None',
            0x02 => 'Power Aperture (open)', # bit '10' is also toggled on for this setting
            0x03 => 'Index Marking',
            0x04 => 'View Photo Shooting Info',
        },
    },
    42.1 => { # CSf14
        Name => 'VerticalMultiSelector',
        Mask => 0x60,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Same as Multi-Selector with Info(U/D) & Playback(R/L)',
            0x20 => 'Same as Multi-Selector with Info(R/L) & Playback(U/D)',
            0x40 => 'Focus Point Selection',
        },
    },
    42.2 => { # CSf7-a
        Name => 'VerticalFuncButton',
        Mask => 0x1f,
        PrintConv => {
            0 => 'None',
            1 => 'Preview',
            2 => 'FV Lock',
            3 => 'AE/AF Lock',
            4 => 'AE Lock Only',
            5 => 'AE Lock (reset on release)',
            6 => 'AE Lock (hold)',
            7 => 'AF Lock Only',
            10 => 'Bracketing Burst',
            11 => 'Matrix Metering',
            12 => 'Center-weighted Metering',
            13 => 'Spot Metering',
            14 => 'Playback',
            15 => 'My Menu Top Item',
            16 => '+NEF(RAW)',
            17 => 'Virtual Horizon',
            18 => 'My Menu',
            20 => 'Grid Display',
            26 => 'Flash Disable/Enable',
        },
    },
    43.1 => { # CSf7-b
        Name => 'VerticalFuncButtonPlusDials',
        Mask => 0xf0,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'None',
            0x10 => 'Choose Image Area (FX/DX/5:4)',
            0x20 => 'Shutter Speed & Aperture Lock',
            0x30 => 'One Step Speed / Aperture',
            0x40 => 'Choose Non-CPU Lens Number',
            0x50 => 'Active D-Lighting',
            0x60 => 'Shooting Bank Menu',
            0x70 => 'ISO Sensitivity',
            0x80 => 'Exposure Mode',
            0x90 => 'Exposure Compensation',
            0xa0 => 'Metering',
            },
    },
    43.2 => { # CSf16
        Name => 'AssignMovieRecordButton',
        Mask => 0x07,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'None',
            0x01 => 'Choose Image Area (FX/DX/5:4)',
            0x02 => 'Shutter Speed & Aperture Lock',
            0x03 => 'ISO Sensitivity',
            0x04 => 'Shooting Bank Menu',
        },
    },
    46.1 => { # CSa5-c
        Name => 'DynamicAreaAFDisplay',
        Mask => 0x80,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Off',
            0x80 => 'On',
        },
    },
    46.2 => { # CSa5-a
        Name => 'AFPointIllumination',
        Mask => 0x60,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Off',
            0x20 => 'On in Continuous Shooting Modes',
            0x40 => 'On During Manual Focusing',
            0x60 => 'On in Continuous Shooting and Manual Focusing',
        },
    },
    46.3 => { # CSa10 (D4 is slightly different -- needs checking)
        Name => 'StoreByOrientation',
        Mask => 0x18,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Off',
            0x08 => 'Focus Point',
            0x10 => 'Focus Point and AF-area mode',
        },
    },
    46.4 => { # CSa5-d
        Name => 'GroupAreaAFIllumination',
        Mask => 0x04,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Squares',
            0x04 => 'Dots',
        },
    },
    46.5 => { # CSa5-b
        Name => 'AFPointBrightness',
        Mask => 0x03,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Low',
            0x01 => 'Normal',
            0x02 => 'High',
            0x03 => 'Extra High',
        },
    },
    47.1 => { # CSa8
        Name => 'AFOnButton',
        Mask => 0x70,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'AF On',
            0x10 => 'AE/AF Lock',
            0x20 => 'AE Lock Only',
            0x30 => 'AE Lock (reset on release)',
            0x40 => 'AE Lock (hold)',
            0x50 => 'AF Lock Only',
            0x60 => 'None',
        },
    },
    47.2 => { # CSa9
        Name => 'VerticalAFOnButton',
        Mask => 0x07,
        PrintConv => {
            0 => 'Same as AF On',
            1 => 'AF On',
            2 => 'AE/AF Lock',
            3 => 'AE Lock Only',
            4 => 'AE Lock (reset on release)',
            5 => 'AE Lock (hold)',
            6 => 'AF Lock Only',
            7 => 'None',
        },
    },
    48.1 => { # CSf5
        Name => 'SubSelectorAssignment',
        Mask => 0x80,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Focus Point Selection',
            0x80 => 'Same As Multi-selector',
        },
    },
    48.2 => { # CSg3-a
        Name => 'MovieSubSelectorAssignment',
        Mask => 0x07,
        PrintConv => {
            0 => 'None',
            1 => 'Index Marking',
            2 => 'AE/AF Lock',
            3 => 'AE Lock Only',
            4 => 'AE Lock (hold)',
            5 => 'AF Lock Only',
            6 => 'View Photo Shooting Info',
        },
    },
    49.1 => { # CSf6-a
        Name => 'SubSelector',
        Mask => 0xf8,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'None',
            0x08 => 'Preview',
            0x10 => 'FV Lock',
            0x18 => 'AE/AF Lock',
            0x20 => 'AE Lock Only',
            0x28 => 'AE Lock (reset on release)',
            0x30 => 'AE Lock (hold)',
            0x38 => 'AF Lock Only',
            0x40 => 'AF-On',
            # 0x48 - seen for D4 (PH)
            0x50 => 'Bracketing Burst',
            0x58 => 'Matrix Metering',
            0x60 => 'Center-weighted Metering',
            0x68 => 'Spot Metering',
            0x70 => 'Playback',
            0x78 => 'My Menu Top Item',
            0x80 => '+NEF(RAW)',
            0x88 => 'Virtual Horizon',
            0x90 => 'My Menu',
            0x98 => 'Reset',    # value appears to be specific to this control at this time
            0xa0 => 'Grid Display',
            0xa8 => 'Disable Synchronized Release',
            0xb0 => 'Remote Release Only',
            0xb8 => 'Preview',  # value appears to be specific to this control at this time
            0xd0 => 'Flash Disable/Enable',
        },
    },
    49.2 => { # CSf6-b
        Name => 'SubSelectorPlusDials',
        Mask => 0x07,
        PrintConv => {
            # (not all values from CSf3-b/CSf4-b are available for CSf6-b)
            0 => 'None',
            1 => 'Choose Image Area (FX/DX/5:4)',
            2 => 'Shutter Speed & Aperture Lock',
            # 3 => 'One Step Speed / Aperture', # (not available)
            4 => 'Choose Non-CPU Lens Number',
            # 5 => 'Active D-Lighting',         # (not available)
            6 => 'Shooting Bank Menu',
        },
    },
    50.1 => { # CSb5
        Name => 'MatrixMetering',
        Condition => '$$self{Model} =~ /\bD4S/',
        Notes => 'D4S only',
        Mask => 0x80,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Face Detection On',
            0x80 => 'Face Detection Off',
        },
    },
    50.2 => { # CSf17
        Name => 'LiveViewButtonOptions',
        Condition => '$$self{Model} =~ /\bD4S/',
        Notes => 'D4S only',
        Mask => 0x30,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Enable',
            0x10 => 'Enable (standby time active)',
            0x20 => 'Disable',
        },
    },
    50.3 => { # CSa12
        Name => 'AFModeRestrictions',
        Condition => '$$self{Model} =~ /\bD4S/',
        Notes => 'D4S only',
        Mask => 0x03,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'Off',
            0x01 => 'AF-C',
            0x02 => 'AF-S',
        },
    },
    51.1 => { # CSa11
        Name => 'LimitAFAreaModeSelection',
        Condition => '$$self{Model} =~ /\bD4S/',
        Notes => 'D4S only',
        Mask => 0x7e,
        PrintConv => {
            0 => 'No Restrictions',
            BITMASK => {
                1 => 'Auto-area',
                2 => 'Group-area',
                3 => '3D-tracking',
                4 => 'Dynamic area (51 points)',
                5 => 'Dynamic area (21 points)',
                6 => 'Dynamic area (9 points)',
            },
        },
    },
    52.1 => { # CSg1-b
        Name => 'MovieFunctionButtonPlusDials',
        Mask => 0x10,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'None',
            0x10 => 'Choose Image Area',
        },
    },
    52.2 => { # CSg2-b
        Name => 'MoviePreviewButtonPlusDials',
        Mask => 0x01,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'None',
            0x01 => 'Choose Image Area',
        },
    },
    53.1 => { # CSg3-b
        Name => 'MovieSubSelectorAssignmentPlusDials',
        Mask => 0x10,
        PrintConv => {
            0x00 => 'None',
            0x10 => 'Choose Image Area',
        },
    },
    54.1 => { # CSf18
        Name => 'AssignRemoteFnButton',
        Condition => '$$self{Model} =~ /\bD4S/',
        Notes => 'D4S only',
        Mask => 0x1f,
        PrintConv => {
            0 => 'None',
            1 => 'Preview',
            2 => 'FV Lock',
            3 => 'AE/AF Lock',
            4 => 'AE Lock Only',
            5 => 'AE Lock (reset on release)',
            7 => 'AF Lock Only',
            8 => 'AF-On',
            16 => '+NEF(RAW)',
            25 => 'Live View',
            26 => 'Flash Disable/Enable',
        },
    },
    55.1 => { # CSf19
        Name => 'LensFocusFunctionButtons',
        Condition => '$$self{Model} =~ /\bD4S/',
        Notes => 'D4S only',
        Mask => 0x3f,
        PrintConv => {
            3 => 'AE/AF Lock',
            4 => 'AE Lock Only',
            7 => 'AF Lock Only',
            21 => 'Disable Synchronized Release',
            22 => 'Remote Release Only',
            24 => 'Preset focus Point',
            26 => 'Flash Disable/Enable',
            32 => 'AF-Area Mode:  Single-point AF',
            33 => 'AF-Area Mode: Dynamic-area AF (9 points)',
            34 => 'AF-Area Mode: Dynamic-area AF (21 points)',
            35 => 'AF-Area Mode: Dynamic-area AF (51 points)',
            36 => 'AF-Area Mode: Group-area AF',
            37 => 'AF-Area Mode: Auto area AF',
        },
    },
);

1;  # end

__END__

#line 8683
